Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Enterobacter cloacae merupakan bakteri Gram negatif dari golongan Enterobacteriaceae yang memiliki sifat oportunistik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi Enterobacter cloacae berdasarkan spesimen klinik, jenis kelamin, usia dan ruang rawat serta melihat tingkat sensitivitas terhadap berbagai jenis antibiotik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi laboratorium dengan mengumpulkan data hasil kultur Enterobacter cloacae dari berbagai spesimen klinik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin. Data pada periode Januari 2023 hingga Januari 2025 diambil secara retrospektif dari rekam medik pasien, sedangkan data periode Februari hingga April 2025 diambil secara prospektif dari hasil kultur dengan melakukan isolasi, identifikasi dan uji kepekaan antibiotik terhadap bakteri Enterobacter cloacae. Isolasi dilakukan pada media MacConkey Agar, identifikasi dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik dilakukan dengan VITEK® 2 Compact. Hasil penelitian terdapat sebanyak 115 isolat teridentifikasi Enterobacter cloacae. Distribusi Enterobacter cloacae berdasarkan jenis spesimen paling banyak ditemukan pada spesimen darah yaitu 26,09%, diikuti spesimen pus dan spesimen urin masing-masing 22,61% dan 18,26%. Distribusi Enterobacter cloacae berdasarkan jenis kelamin paling banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki yaitu 69,57% dan rentang usia paling banyak ditemukan pada pasien berusia >59 tahun yaitu 41,74%, diikuti usia 40-59 tahun dan 19-39 tahun masing-masing 28,70% dan 15,65%. Distribusi Enterobacter cloacae berdasarkan jenis ruang rawat paling banyak ditemukan pada Ruang ICU (Intensive Care Unit) yaitu 26,09%, diikuti Ruang Penyakit Dalam dan Ruang Bedah masing-masing 24,35% dan 21,74%. Jenis antibiotik yang memiliki sensitivitas tinggi terhadap bakteri Enterobacter cloacae adalah Amikacin, Meropenem, Doripenem, Impipenem dan Cefoperazone/Sulbactam masing-masing sebesar 94,52%, 93,07%, 92,39%, 86,18% dan 84,13%. Bakteri ini resisten terhadap antibiotik Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone dan Cefotaxime masing-masing sebesar 45,59%, 33,12% dan 28,98%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Enterobacter cloacae sudah menunjukkan resistensi terhadap Sefalosprorin generasi 3.

Enterobacter cloacae is a Gram-negative bacterium from the group of Enterobacteriaceae that has opportunistic properties. This study aims to determine the distribution of Enterobacter cloacae based on clinical specimens, sex, age and room and see the level of sensitivity to various types of antibiotics. This study used laboratory observation method by collecting data on Enterobacter cloacae culture results from various clinical specimens. This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology Hospital dr. Zainoel Abidin. Data in the period from January 2023 to January 2025 2024 were taken retrospectively from the patient's medical record, while the data for the period from February to April 2025 were taken prospectively from culture results by isolating, identifying and testing antibiotic sensitivity to Enterobacter cloacae. Isolation was carried out on macConkey Agar media, identification and antibiotic sensitivity test was carried out with VITEK® 2 Compact. The results of the study there are as many as 115 isolates identified Enterobacter cloacae. The distribution of Enterobacter cloacae based on the type of specimen is most common in blood specimens at 26.09%, followed by pus specimens and urine specimens at 22.61% and 18.26%, respectively. The distribution of Enterobacter cloacae by sex was most common in men, namely 69.57% and the age range was most common in patients aged >59 years, namely 41.74%, followed by ages 40-59 years and 19-39 years, respectively 28.70% and 15.65%. The distribution of Enterobacter cloacae based on the type of treatment room is most commonly found in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) which is 26.09%, followed by Internal Medicine Room and Surgery Room respectively 24.35% and 21.74%. The types of antibiotics that have high sensitivity to Enterobacter cloacae are Amikacin, Meropenem, Doripenem, Impipenem and Cefoperazone/Sulbactam at 94.52%, 93.07%, 92.39%, 86.18% and 84.13% respectively. These bacteria were resistant to antibiotics Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime respectively by 45.59%, 33.12% and 28.98%. The results of this study showed that Enterobacter cloacae already showed resistence to Cephalosprorin Generation 3.