Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Perencanaan lokasi puskesmas di Kota Banda Aceh masih didasarkan pada metode konvensional yaitu lahan yang tersedia. Kelemahan dari metode konvensional terkadang kurang mempertimbangkan aksesibilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi aksesibilitas fasilitas puskesmas berdasarkan keterjangkauan dan keterlayanan lokasi fasilitas puskesmas di Kota Banda Aceh. Teknik analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis spasial jaringan berupa analisis location-allocation (p-median), analisis buffer, dan analisis service area pada software ArcGIS. Hasil analisis keterjangkauan kawasan permukiman dengan location-allocation menunjukkan 88 dari 90 titik permintaan terjangkau pada jarak 3.000 meter dengan persentase 98%, keterlayanan fasilitas puskesmas secara keseluruhan berdasarkan wilayah kerja adalah 100%, keterlayanan berdasarkan analisis buffer sebesar 96%, dan keterlayanan berdasarkan service area sebesar 85%. Namun metode buffer dan wilayah kerja tidak bisa menjadi pedoman aksesibilitas karean tidak mempertimbangkan jaringan jalan. Waktu tempuh berkisar pada 5 menit dengan kondisi jalan tanpa hambatan. Penggunaan service area direkomendasikan untuk melihat cakupan pelayanan dengan kondisi yang lebih nyata karna mempertimbangkan jaringan jalan, penggunaan metode location allocation direkomendasikan untuk penentuan lokasi fasilitas kesehatan sehingga dapat menentukan fasilitas terdekat dari permukiman.
Kata Kunci: aksesibilitas, analisis spasial, keterjangkauan, keterlayanan, puskesmas,

The planning of community health centre locations in Banda Aceh City is still based on the conventional method, namely available land. The weakness of the conventional method is that it sometimes fails to take accessibility into account. This study aims to identify the accessibility of health centre facilities based on the reachability and serviceability of health centre facility locations in Banda Aceh City. The analytical techniques used in this study include spatial network analysis, specifically location-allocation analysis (p-median), buffer analysis, and service area analysis using ArcGIS software. The results of the accessibility analysis of residential areas using location-allocation analysis show that 88 out of 90 demand points are accessible within a 3,000-metre radius, with a percentage of 98%. The overall accessibility of health centre facilities based on the service area is 100%, accessibility based on buffer analysis is 96%, and accessibility based on service area analysis is 85%. However, the buffer and work area methods cannot serve as guidelines for accessibility because they do not consider road networks. Travel time ranges from 5 minutes under road conditions without obstacles. The use of service areas is recommended to assess service coverage under more realistic conditions because it considers road networks, while the location-allocation method is recommended for determining the location of health facilities to identify the nearest facility from residential areas. Keyword: Accessibility, affordability, community health cente, puskesmas, serviceability, service area