Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Tanaman kelapa sawit merupakan komoditi perkebunan sebagai penghasil minyak nabati yang memberikan potensi pada pembentukan Produk Domestik Bruto. Pengoptimalan pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan dengan menambahkan bahan organik seperti mulsa serta pemberian penyiraman yang ideal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh mulsa organik dan interval penyiraman serta interaksi keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit di pembibitan utama. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di unit Rumah Kompos Bank Sampah USK, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, dengan titik koordinat 5034’02”LU-95022”25”BT serta pada ketinggian 4,14 mdpl dan di Laboratorium Hortikultura, Ilmu Gulma dan Teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan November 2024 sampai dengan Juni 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 4× 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti adalah pemberian mulsa organik yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu tanpa mulsa, mulsa organik cangkang kelapa sawit, mulsa organik jerami padi dan mulsa organik sekam padi dan faktor kedua adalah interval penyiraman yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 1 hari sekali, 3 hari sekali dan 5 hari sekali. Peubah yang diamati adalah pertambahan tinggi tanaman, pertambahan diameter batang, jumlah daun, luas daun, tingkat kehijauan daun, panjang akar, volume akar, bobot berangkasan basah, dan bobot berangkasan kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian mulsa organik berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertambahan tinggi bibit kelapa sawit umur 60 HSPT, luas daun umur 90 HSPT, berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot berangkasan basah dan kering umur 90 HSPT namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pertambahan tinggi umur 30 dan 90 HSPT, pertambahan diameter batang umur 30, 60 dan 90 HSPT, jumlah daun umur 30, 60 dan umur 90 HSPT, tingkat kehijauan daun, panjang akar dan volume akar umur 90 HSPT. Pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit terbaik ditemukan pada perlakuan pemberian mulsa organik sekam padi. Interval penyiraman berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertambahan diameter umur 60 HSPT namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pertambahan tinggi bibit kelapa sawit umur 30, 60 dan 90 HSPT, pertambahan diameter batang umur 30 dan 90 HSPT, jumlah daun umur 30, 60 dan 90 HSPT, luas daun, tingkat kehijauan daun, panjang dan volume akar serta bobot berangkasan basah dan kering umur 90 HSPT. Pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit terbaik ditemukan pada perlakuan interval penyiraman satu hari sekali. Tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara pemberian mulsa dan interval penyiraman terhadap peubah yang diamati.

Oil palms are a plantation commodity that produces vegetable oil and has the potential to contribute to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Optimizing the growth of oil palm seedlings can be achieved by adding organic materials such as mulch and providing ideal watering. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of organic mulch and watering intervals, as well as their interaction, on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. This research was conducted at the USK Waste Bank Compost House Unit, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, with coordinates 5034’02”N-95022”25”E and at an altitude of 4.14 meters above sea level and in the Horticulture, Weed Science and Seed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University. This research took place from November 2024 to June 2025. This research used a 4×3 factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 3 replications. The factors studied were the provision of organic mulch consisting of 4 levels, namely without mulch, palm shell organic mulch, rice straw organic mulch and rice husk organic mulch and the second factor was the watering interval consisting of 3 levels, namely once a day, once every 3 days and once every 5 days. The variables observed were the increase in plant height, increase in stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf greenness, root length, root volume, plant weight wet stalks, and dry stalk weight. The results showed that the provision of organic mulch had a very significant effect on the increase in the height of oil palm seedlings aged 60 days after planting, leaf area aged 90 days after planting, a significant effect on the weight of wet and dry stalks aged 90 days after planting but had no significant effect on the increase in height aged 30 and 90 days after planting, the increase in stem diameter aged 30, 60 and 90 days after planting, the number of leaves aged 30, 60 and 90 days after planting, the level of leaf greenness, root length and root volume aged 90 days after planting. The best growth of oil palm seedlings was found in the treatment of organic mulching rice husks. The watering interval had a very significant effect on the increase in diameter aged 60 days after planting but had no significant effect on the increase in height of oil palm seedlings aged 30, 60 and 90 days after planting, the increase in stem diameter aged 30 and 90 days after planting, the number of leaves aged 30, 60 and 90 days after planting, leaf area, leaf greenness, Root length and volume, as well as wet and dry weight of seedlings at 90 days after planting (DSPT). The best growth of oil palm seedlings was found in the treatment with a watering interval of once a day. There was no significant interaction between mulching and watering interval on the observed variables.