Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Budidaya udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) secara semi intensif di pesisir Alue Naga memerlukan keseimbangan ekologis, khususnya komunitas plankton dan kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komposisi dan kelimpahan plankton serta menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan udang vaname dan parameter kualitas air di tambak semi intensif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari 2025 dengan metode survei pada tiga stasiun tambak, meliputi pengambilan sampel plankton, udang, dan kualitas air secara insitu dan eksitu selama 30 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dan dominansi plankton; laju pertumbuhan spesifik (Specific Growth Rate, SGR) udang; serta parameter kualitas air (suhu, pH, DO, salinitas, kecerahan, nitrat, nitrit, fosfat, dan kedalaman). Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan keberadaan 22 jenis plankton dari lima kelas, dengan dominansi Chaetognath dan Microcystis aeroginosa. Kelimpahan plankton tertinggi tercatat di Stasiun 1 (67.680 ind/L), sedangkan nilai keanekaragaman (H’) berkisar antara 1,19–1,83, keseragaman (E) 0,43–0,72, dan dominansi (C) 0,17–0,24. Nilai SGR udang vaname tertinggi terjadi pada stasiun 2 (5,10%) dan cenderung menurun seiring waktu. Kualitas air secara umum masih dalam kisaran optimal, meskipun terdapat variasi antar stasiun. Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan plankton tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap SGR udang (p=0,4632), namun beberapa parameter kualitas air, seperti pH (p=0,0023), salinitas (p=0,0039), posfat (p=0,0092), dan kedalaman (p=0,0046), berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kelimpahan plankton. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pengelolaan kualitas air dan struktur komunitas plankton untuk mendukung keberlanjutan produksi udang vaname secara ekologis.

Kata kunci: Plankton, kualitas air, udang vaname, tambak semi intensif.

ABSTRACT Semi-intensive cultivation of vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) on the coast of Alue Naga requires ecological balance, especially the plankton community and water quality. This study aims to identify the composition and abundance of plankton and analyze its effect on the growth of vaname shrimp and water quality parameters in semi-intensive ponds. The research was conducted in January 2025 with survey method at three pond stations, including sampling plankton, shrimp, and water quality insitu and exitu for 30 days. Parameters observed included plankton abundance, diversity, uniformity, and dominance; shrimp specific growth rate (SGR); and water quality parameters (temperature, pH, DO, salinity, brightness, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and depth). Identification results showed the presence of 22 species of plankton from five classes, with the dominance of Chaetognath and Microcystis aeroginosa. The highest plankton abundance was recorded at Station 1 (67,680 ind/L), while diversity values (H') ranged from 1.19-1.83, uniformity (E) 0.43-0.72, and dominance (C) 0.17-0.24. The highest SGR value of vaname shrimp occurred on stasiuns 2 (5.10%) and tended to decrease over time. Water quality in general is still in the optimal range, although there are variations between stations. Regression analysis showed that plankton abundance had no significant effect on shrimp SGR (p= (p=0.4632), but several water quality parameters, such as pH (p=0.0023), salinity (p=0.0039), phosphate (p=0.0092), and depth (p=0.0046), had a significant effect on plankton abundance. These findings emphasize the importance of managing water quality and plankton community structure to ecologically support sustainable vaname shrimp production. Keywords: Plankton, water quality, vaname shrimp, semi-intensive ponds.