Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penyakit infeksi kulit akibat bakteri seperti Staphylococcus epidermidis dan Propionibacterium acnes merupakan masalah umum di daerah tropis, sementara penggunaan antibiotik sintetik yang berlebihan telah memicu resistensi bakteri. Cempaka kuning (Magnolia champaca) diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, fenol dan triterpenoid sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun cempaka kuning terhadap kedua bakteri tersebut dengan metode sumuran. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) menggunakan variasi konsentrasi 1%, 5%, 10%, dan 15%, serta kontrol positif (amoksisilin 0,1%) dan kontrol negatif (DMSO 10%). Hasil aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan pola peningkatan yang signifikan seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi. Seluruh konsentrasi ekstrak menghasilkan zona hambat dengan efektivitas tertinggi pada konsentrasi 15%, yaitu 11,4 mm terhadap S. epidermidis dan 17,3 mm terhadap P. acnes. Efektivitas ekstrak terhadap P. acnes lebih tinggi dibandingkan terhadap S. epidermidis, diduga karena S. epidermidis yang memiliki kemampuan membentuk biofilm dan mengurangi efektivitas senyawa antibakteri. Berdasarkan hasil ini, ekstrak etanol daun cempaka kuning memiliki potensi sebagai agen antibakteri alami, terhadap S. epidermidis ataupun P. acnes, sehingga berpeluang dikembangkan sebagai alternatif terapi infeksi kulit.

Kata kunci: Antibakteri, Magnolia champaca, Propionibacterium acnes
Staphylococcus epidermidis

Skin infections caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes are common problems in tropical areas, while the excessive use of synthetic antibiotics has triggered bacterial resistance. Yellow cempaka (Magnolia champaca) is known to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols and triterpenoids as antibacterials. This study aims to test the antibacterial potential of yellow cempaka leaf ethanol extract against both bacteria using the well method. The study was conducted experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using concentration variations of 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%, as well as positive controls (0.1% amoxicillin) and negative controls (10% DMSO). The results of antibacterial activity showed a significant increase pattern along with increasing concentration. All extract concentrations produced inhibition zones with the highest effectiveness at a concentration of 15%, namely 11.4 mm against S. epidermidis and 17.3 mm against P. acnes. The extract's effectiveness against P. acnes was higher than against S. epidermidis, presumably due to S. epidermidis's ability to form biofilms and reduce the effectiveness of antibacterial compounds. Based on these results, the ethanol extract of yellow cempaka leaves has potential as a natural antibacterial agent against both S. epidermidis and P. acnes, thus potentially being developed as an alternative therapy for skin infections. Keywords: Antibacterial, Magnolia champaca, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis