Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Katalis oksida anorganik mineral kaolin Jaboi Sabang telah berhasil dipreparasi melalui proses ekstraksi asam menggunakan HCl, dilanjutkan proses presipitasi menggunakan NH4OH. Berdasarkan fakta empiris, partikel oksida anorganik yang dihasilkan melalui penelitian ini terdiri dari partikel oksida anorganik partikel endapan yang tidak larut dalam HCl yang dinotasikan sebagai PAHS dan partikel hasil ekstraksi dengan HCl, yang selanjutnya dipresipitasi dengan NH4OH yang dinotasikan sebagai PAHP. Karakteristik fisiko-kimia partikel oksida anorganik yang diperoleh (PAHS dan PAHP) ditentukan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Spektroskopi Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Penelitian juga mendemonstrasikan aktivitas katalitik partikel PAHS dan PAHP yang dihasilkan pada sistem reaksi transesterifikasi minyak kelapa sawit Refined Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO), dimana hasil karakterisasi fisika menunjukkan bahwa PAHS yang dihasilkan memiliki ukuran kristal rata-rata adalah 35,2201 nm, sementara PAHP adalah 27,9120 nm. Karakterisasi morfologi dengan metode SEM mengidentifikasikan bahwa ukuran dan distribusi partikel PAHP lebih homogen dibanding pola morfologi PAHS. Metode EDX digunakan untuk menentukan komposisi kimia unsur PAHS dan PAHP yang dihasilkan menunjukkan kandungan silikon (Si) pada oksida anorganik PAHS adalah (14,3289 g) jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan kandungan silikon (Si) pada PAHP adalah (2,5814 g). Pengujian menggunakan spektroskopi inframerah memperlihatkan serapan spesifik gugus fungsi -OH, Si-O dan Al-O pada oksida anorganik yang telah dihasilkan. Pengujian kinerja katalitik pada sistem reaksi transesterifikasi minyak RBDPO dengan metanol, menunjukkan bahwa kinerja katalitik PAHS lebih tinggi dengan yield 93,4%, sementara oksida anorganik PAHP memiliki yield 89,36%. Namun, selektivitas PAHP lebih tinggi dibandingkan PAHS.

Inorganic oxide catalyst had been successfully prepared of Jaboi Sabang kaolin minerals through an acid exctraction process using HCl, followed by a precipitation process using NH4OH. Based on empirical facts, this research produced two kind of solid inorganic oxides, which are consisted of insoluble particle, which are denoted as PAHS and extracted inorganic in HCl, followed by precipitation using NH4OH, whereas denoted as PAHP. The physicochemical characteristics of the obtained inorganic oxide particles (PAHS and PAHP) were investigated using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). This study also demonstrated the catalytic activity both PAHS and PAHP in transesterification reaction system of the Refined Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) with methanol. Based on particle size investigation indicated that PAHS had been average crystal size of around 35.2201 nm, while PAHP was 27.9120 nm. Morphological characterization using the SEM method shown the size and particle distribution of PAHP were more homogeneous compared to PAHS. The EDX method was used to evaluate the chemical composition of the PAHS and PAHP which are contained silicon (Si) of 14.3289 g for PAHS and 2.5814 g for PAHP, respectively. Infrared spectroscopy study showed its specific absorption of -OH, Si-O and Al-O functional groups on both those inorganic oxides obtained in this research work. Finally, catalytic performance both inorganic oxide of both PAHS and PAHP had been applied on transesterification reaction of RBDPO with methanol resulting yield of 93.4% for PAHS and yield of 89.36% PAHP inorganic catalysts. However, the selectivity of PAHP was higher than that of PAHS.