Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Bakteri Vibrio sp. merupakan patogen utama yang dapat menyerang jaringan kerang saat sistem imun melemah, serta berpotensi menyebabkan penyakit pada manusia melalui konsumsi makanan laut yang terkontaminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan dan jenis bakteri Vibrio sp. yang terdapat pada kerang hijau (Perna viridis), mengidentifikasi karakteristiknya, serta menganalisis pengaruh kualitas air terhadap keberadaan Vibrio sp. di perairan Alue Naga, Kota Banda Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling, dengan analisis data secara deskriptif, mencakup identifikasi bakteri berdasarkan uji morfologi koloni, uji dasar seperti uji Gram (KOH 3%), uji katalase, dan TSIA, serta uji biokimia seperti LIA, MIO, sitrat, dan MR-VP. Serta pengukuran parameter kualitas air. Hasil penanaman sampel pada media selektif TCBS yang diinkubasi pada suhu 37 °C selama 18–24 jam menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 10 isolat bakteri tumbuh pada titik 1, 7 isolat menunjukkan pertumbuhan pada titik 2 (3 isolat tidak tumbuh), dan 10 isolat tumbuh pada titik 3. Isolat yang ditemukan menunjukkan bentuk koloni bulat (circular) dan tak beraturan, berwarna hijau dan kuning, tepian rata (entire), dan elevasi cembung (convex). Hasil uji Gram menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat merupakan Gram negatif. Berdasarkan hasil uji biokimia, isolat bakteri diduga kuat termasuk Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, dan Vibrio vulnificus. Analisis kualitas air selama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH berada dalam kisaran 6,5–7, tergolong baik. Salinitas berkisar antara 25–29 ppt, sedikit di bawah standar ideal (27–34 ppt). Suhu perairan optimal untuk pertumbuhan kerang maupun bakteri Vibrio sp., yaitu 28–29 °C. Sementara itu, kadar oksigen terlarut (DO) berkisar 4,6–5,6 mg/L, menunjukkan kualitas perairan yang kurang ideal.

Kata kunci: Vibrio sp., kerang hijau, identifikasi, kualitas air, Alue Naga.

Vibrio sp. bacteria are the main pathogens that can attack shellfish tissue when the immune system is weakened, and have the potential to cause disease in humans through the consumption of contaminated seafood. This study aims to determine the presence and types of Vibrio sp. bacteria found in green mussels (Perna viridis), identify their characteristics, and analyze the influence of water quality on the presence of Vibrio sp. in the waters of Alue Naga, Banda Aceh City. The method used was purposive sampling, with descriptive data analysis, including bacterial identification based on colony morphology tests, basic tests such as Gram staining (3% KOH), catalase test, and TSIA, as well as biochemical tests such as LIA, MIO, citrate, and MR-VP. Water quality parameters were also measured. The results of culturing samples on selective TCBS medium (Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Sucrose Agar) incubated at 37°C for 18–24 hours showed that 10 bacterial isolates grew at point 1, 7 isolates showed growth at point 2 (3 isolates did not grow), and 10 isolates grew at point 3. The isolates found exhibited circular and irregular colony shapes, green and yellow colors, smooth edges, and convex elevations. Gram staining results indicated that all isolates were Gram-negative. Based on biochemical test results, the bacterial isolates are strongly suspected to belong to Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus. Water quality analysis during the study showed that the pH was in the range of 6.5–7, which is considered good. Salinity ranged from 25–29 ppt, slightly below the ideal standard (27–34 ppt). The optimal water temperature for the growth of mussels and Vibrio sp. bacteria is 28–29°C. Meanwhile, dissolved oxygen (DO) levels ranged from 4.6–5.6 mg/L, indicating water quality that is less than ideal. Keywords: Vibrio sp., green mussels, identification, water quality, Alue Naga.