Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan di Kabupaten Aceh Barat dilaksanakan melalui mekanisme perizinan yang meliputi Surat Izin Usaha Perikanan (SIUP), Surat Izin Penangkapan Ikan (SIPI), dan Surat Izin Kapal Pengangkut Ikan (SIKPI) sebagai bentuk pengaturan dan pengawasan terhadap aktivitas nelayan. Namun, sejak kewenangan perizinan dialihkan ke tingkat provinsi, proses pengurusan menjadi lebih lambat dan rumit. Kondisi ini menyebabkan banyak nelayan mengalami kesulitan dalam mengakses layanan perizinan, sehingga pelayanan yang cepat dan bersifat humanis sangat diperlukan guna mendukung kesejahteraan nelayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dari narasumber yang relevan. Kerangka teori yang digunakan adalah teori pelayanan publik dengan lima indikator dari Fitzsimmons, yaitu reliability (keandalan), responsiveness (daya tanggap), assurance (jaminan), empathy (empati) dan tangibles (bukti fisik), yang digunakan untuk menganalisis kualitas pelayanan perizinan penangkapan hasil laut pada Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan perizinan di Kabupaten Aceh Barat belum sepenuhnya memenuhi capaian optimal dalam indikator pelayanan publik. Sejak adanya pengalihan kewenangan, banyak nelayan mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami prosedur perizinan, yang berdampak pada aspek legalitas serta akses terhadap bantuan subsidi. Nelayan juga mengaku mengalami hambatan dan keberatan dalam mengurus dokumen perizinan secara mandiri. Selain itu, koordinasi antara instansi terkait belum berjalan secara efektif dan menyeluruh. Faktor penghambat utama mencakup belum meratanya sosialisasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat nelayan, keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana pendukung pelayanan, serta minimnya jumlah dan kapasitas sumber daya manusia yang bertugas. Ketiga aspek ini turut berkontribusi terhadap belum optimalnya pelaksanaan pelayanan publik dalam proses perizinan penangkapan hasil laut.
Kata Kunci : Pelayanan, Perizinan, Penangkapan Hasil Laut, Kabupaten Aceh Barat

ABSTRACT The management of fishery resources in West Aceh Regency is carried out through a licensing mechanism that includes the Fishing Business License (SIUP), Fishing Permit (SIPI), and Fish Transport Vessel License (SIKPI) as a form of regulation and supervision over fishing activities. However, since the licensing authority was transferred to the provincial level, the processing procedures have become slower and more complicated. This condition has caused many fishers to face difficulties in accessing licensing services, making fast and human-centered services essential to support their welfare. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods including observation, documentation, and interviews with relevant informants. The theoretical framework employed is the public service theory with five indicators from Fitzsimmons, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles, which are used to analyze the quality of licensing services for marine capture fisheries at the Department of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of West Aceh Regency. The findings of the study indicate that licensing services in West Aceh Regency have not fully achieved optimal performance based on public service indicators. Since the transfer of authority, many fishers have found it difficult to understand the licensing procedures, which has affected their legal status and access to government subsidies. Fishers also reported facing obstacles and burdens in managing the licensing documents independently. In addition, coordination between related institutions has not been running effectively and comprehensively. Key inhibiting factors include the unequal dissemination of outreach and educational efforts to fishing communities, inadequate supporting infrastructure and facilities, and the limited number and capacity of personnel responsible for service delivery. These three aspects collectively contribute to the suboptimal implementation of public services in the licensing process for marine capture fisheries. Keywords: Service, Licensing, Marine Capture Fisheries, West Aceh Regency