Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Keandalan sistem distribusi listrik diukur menggunakan dua indikator
utama, yaitu System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) dan System
Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI). Penyulang Saree di wilayah kerja
PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Banda Aceh masih menunjukkan nilai SAIDI dan SAIFI
yang tinggi meskipun telah dilengkapi satu unit recloser di Section 4. Berdasarkan
data gangguan tahun 2024, nilai SAIDI tercatat sebesar 27,56 jam/pelanggan/tahun
dan SAIFI sebesar 20,32 kali/pelanggan/tahun, melebihi batas standar nasional.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan konfigurasi dua recloser menggunakan
algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dengan mempertimbangkan
kemungkinan penambahan recloser baru serta relokasi recloser eksisting. Simulasi
dilakukan menggunakan data gangguan yang diasumsikan terjadi pada sistem tanpa
recloser. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi terbaik diperoleh saat
recloser ditempatkan pada section 1 dan section 3, yang menghasilkan nilai SAIDI
sebesar 11,80 jam/pelanggan/tahun dan SAIFI sebesar 8,83 kali/pelanggan/tahun,
penurunan masing-masing sebesar 68,1 % dan 68,46 % dari kondisi awal tanpa
recloser. Kemudian jika dibandingkan dengan kondisi eksisting recloser di section
4 maka SAIDI mengalami penurunan sebesar 57,18 % dan SAIFI sebesar 56,54 %.
Selain efektif secara teknis, strategi ini juga layak diterapkan secara ekonomi
dengan potensi penghematan biaya tahunan sebesar Rp21.475.685,09 dengan
estimasi penurunan ENS mencapai 14.856,152. Dengan biaya investasi sebesar
Rp48.612.000, sehingga menghasilkan waktu pengembalian investasi selama 2,26
tahun. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi rekomendasi dalam peningkatan
keandalan dan efisiensi sistem distribusi listrik.

The reliability of an electrical distribution system is measured using two main indicators, namely the System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) and the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI). The Saree feeder, located in the working area of PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Banda Aceh, still shows high SAIDI and SAIFI values despite being equipped with one unit of recloser in Section 4. Based on outage data from 2024, the recorded SAIDI value was 27.56 hours/customer/year and the SAIFI value was 20.32 interruptions/customer/year, both exceeding the national standard limits. This study aims to optimize the configuration of two reclosers using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm by considering the possibility of adding a new recloser and relocating the existing one. The simulation was conducted using outage data that was assumed to occur in a system without any recloser. The optimization results show that the best configuration is obtained when reclosers are placed in Section 1 and Section 3, resulting in a SAIDI of 11.80 hours/customer/year and a SAIFI of 8.83 interruptions/customer/year, representing a reduction of 68.1% and 68.46% respectively compared to the initial condition without a recloser. Furthermore, when compared to the existing condition with one recloser in Section 4, SAIDI decreased by 57.18% and SAIFI by 56.54%. In addition to being technically effective, this strategy is also economically feasible, with potential annual cost savings of IDR 21,475,685.09 and an estimated reduction in ENS of 14,856.152. With an investment cost of IDR 48,612,000, the payback period is calculated at 2.26 years. The results of this study can serve as a recommendation for improving the reliability and efficiency of the electrical distribution system.