Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Mamalia merupakan salah satu jenis satwa yang sebarannya sangat luas di Indonesia.
Mamalia mempunyai beberapa keistimewaan baik dalam fisiologi, susunan saraf dan tingkat
intelegensinya. Berdasarkan ukurannya, mamalia dibagi menjadi mamalia kecil dan mamalia
besar. Walaupun mamalia memiliki perbedaan ukuran tubuh, akan tetapi satwa ini tidak
memiliki perbedaan dalam memainkan perannya di dalam kawasan hutan. Mamalia mempunyai
peran penting pada jaring makanan dari hampir setiap ekosistem. Peran mamalia tidak hanya
itu, dalam pengelolaan suatu ekosistem hutan, mamalia juga memiliki peran yang penting yakni
sebagai pengendali hama, penyerbuk bunga serta pemencar biji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui jenis mamalia, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks kekayaan dan indeks kemerataan di
Stasiun Penelitian Suaq Belimbing.
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tiga jenis tipe habitat, yaitu habitat riparian, habitat rawa
dan habitat terestrial kering. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pengamatan secara langsung
dan tidak langsung menggunakan transek permanen yang telah ditetapkan pada Stasiun
Penelitian Suaq Belimbing. Prosedur pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode kombinasi
yaitu metode eksplorasi dan menggunakan metode transek jalur (strip transect).
Hasil inventarisasi jenis mamalia di Stasiun Penelitian Suaq Belimbing ditemukan jenis
mamalia sebanyak 14 jenis. Pada habitat riparian ditemukan jenis mamalia monyet ekor panjang
(Macaca fascicularis), beruk (Macaca nemestrina), lutung kelabu (Trachypithecus cristatus),
kedih (Presbytis thomasi), siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus), tupai akar (Tupaia glis),
jelarang hitam (Ratufa bicolor), jelarang bilalang (Ratufa affinis), berang-berang cakar kecil
(Aonyx cinerea), pada habitat rawa jenis mamalia yang ditemukan adalah monyet ekor panjang
(Macaca fascicularis), beruk (Macaca nemestrina), lutung kelabu (Trachypithecus cristatus),
kedih (Presbytis thomasi), siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus), owa serudung (Hylobates lar),
tupai akar (Tupaia glis), jelarang hitam (Ratufa bicolor), jelarang bilalang (Ratufa affinis),
bajing kelapa (Callosciurus notatus), orang utan sumatra (Pongo abelii), dan musang
(Arctogalidia trivirgata), sedangkan pada habitat terestrial kering jenis mamalia yang
ditemukan adalah kedih (Presbytis thomasi), orang utan sumatra (Pongo abelii) dan harimau
sumatra (Panthera tigris sumatrae). Nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis mamalia di Stasiun
Penelitian Suaq Belimbing pada habitat riparian 1,42 dan rawa 2,02 (kriteria sedang), sedangkan
pada habitat terestrial kering dengan nilai 0,54 (kriteria rendah). Nilai indeks kekayaan jenis
mamalia di Stasiun Penelitian Suaq Belimbing tergolong dalam kriteria rendah (habitat riparian
1,65, rawa 2,63 dan terestrial kering 0,78). Nilai indeks kemerataan jenis mamalia di Stasiun
Penelitian Suaq Belimbing pada habitat riparian 0,65 dan rawa 0,81 (kriteria tinggi). Akan
tetapi, pada habitat terestrial kering nilai indeks kemerataannya 0,49 (kriteria sedang).

Mammals are one of the animal groups with a very wide distribution in Indonesia. Mammals possess several unique characteristics, including specialized physiological traits, complex nervous systems, and relatively high levels of intelligence. Based on their size, mammals are categorized into small mammals and large mammals. Despite their differences in body size, mammals play equally important ecological roles within forest ecosystems. Mammals have a vital role in the food web of nearly every ecosystem. Beyond that, in forest ecosystem management, mammals contribute significantly as pest controllers, pollinators, and seed dispersers. This study aims to identify mammal species diversity, species richness index, and evenness index at the Suaq Belimbing Research Station. The research was conducted across three types of habitats: riparian habitat, swamp habitat, and dry terrestrial habitat. Data collection was carried out using both direct and indirect observation methods through permanent transects established at the Suaq Belimbing Research Station. The data collection procedure employed a combination of exploration and strip transect methods. The mammal inventory results at the Suaq Belimbing Research Station recorded a total of 14 mammal species. In the riparian habitat, the recorded species were the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis), southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), silvered leaf monkey (Trachypithecus cristatus), Thomas’s langur (Presbytis thomasi), siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus), common treeshrew (Tupaia glis), black giant squirrel (Ratufa bicolor), pale giant squirrel (Ratufa affinis), and small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinerea). In the swamp habitat, the species found included the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis), southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), silvered leaf monkey (Trachypithecus cristatus), Thomas’s langur (Presbytis thomasi), siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus), lar gibbon (Hylobates lar), common treeshrew (Tupaia glis), black giant squirrel (Ratufa bicolor), pale giant squirrel (Ratufa affinis), plantain squirrel (Callosciurus notatus), Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii), and small-toothed palm civet (Arctogalidia trivirgata). In the dry terrestrial habitat, the species recorded were Thomas’s langur (Presbytis thomasi), Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii), and Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae). The mammal diversity index (Shannon-Wiener) at the Suaq Belimbing Research Station was 1.42 in the riparian habitat and 2.02 in the swamp habitat (both categorized as moderate), while in the dry terrestrial habitat it was 0.54 (categorized as low). The mammal species richness index was categorized as low in all habitats, with values of 1.65 in riparian, 2.63 in swamp, and 0.78 in dry terrestrial habitat. The mammal evenness index in the Suaq Belimbing Research Station was 0.65 in the riparian habitat and 0.81 in the swamp habitat (both categorized as high). However, in the dry terrestrial habitat, the evenness index was 0.49 (categorized as moderate).