Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pengelolaan sampah di Kota Banda Aceh menghadapi tantangan signifikan akibat
peningkatan volume sampah yang dipicu oleh pertumbuhan penduduk, urbanisasi, dan
aktivitas ekonomi yang intensif. Pengelolaan dimulai dari hulu, yaitu pengelolaan
sampah di tingkat sumber (rumah tangga, fasilitas komersial, dan institusi), meliputi
pewadahan, pemilahan, pengumpulan, dan pengangkutan yang dilakukan secara
terjadwal menuju Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA). TPA Gampong Jawa yang
sebelumnya menjadi lokasi akhir, kini difungsikan sebagai stasiun transfer sebelum
sampah dialihkan ke TPA Regional Blang Bintang sebagai pusat strategis pengelolaan
sampah, namun berisiko kelebihan kapasitas jika tidak dikelola secara berkelanjutan.
Pada bagian hilir, penelitian ini menganalisis potensi penerapan teknologi Waste to
Energy (WtE) di TPA Regional Blang Bintang guna mendukung pengelolaan sampah
berkelanjutan. Penelitian menggunakan metode Decision Making Support Matrix
(DMSM) dengan penilaian 12 parameter, meliputi komposisi sampah, nilai kalor,
efisiensi pengelolaan residu, aspek finansial, kesiapan infrastruktur, dan regulasi lokal.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem pengumpulan dan pengangkutan di Banda Aceh
sudah berjalan cukup baik, namun pemilahan di sumber dan upaya daur ulang masih
perlu ditingkatkan. Analisis DMSM merekomendasikan teknologi Landfill Gas
Collection (LGC) dinilai sebagai opsi paling sesuai dengan kondisi eksisting,
didukung oleh besarnya volume sampah organik dan penerapan sanitary landfill di
TPA. Sementara itu, teknologi Incineration dan Pyrolysis & Gasification kurang
optimal diterapkan karena kendala komposisi sampah yang tercampur dan distribusi
energi yang terbatas. Rekomendasi strategis meliputi penguatan sistem pemilahan di
tingkat sumber, edukasi dan sosialisasi intensif kepada masyarakat, peningkatan
kapasitas sumber daya manusia, serta kolaborasi pemerintah, swasta, dan masyarakat
guna memastikan implementasi teknologi WtE yang efektif, efisien, dan berkelanjutan
di Banda Aceh.

Kata kunci: Decision Making Support Matrix (DMSM), pengelolaan sampah
berkelanjutan, Waste To Energy (WtE)

Waste management in Banda Aceh City faces significant challenges due to the increase in waste volume triggered by population growth, urbanization, and intensive economic activities. Management begins upstream, namely waste management at the source level (households, commercial facilities, and institutions), including containerization, sorting, collection, and scheduled transportation to the Final Processing Site (TPA). The Gampong Jawa landfill, which was previously the final location, now functions as a transfer station before the waste is transferred to the Blang Bintang Regional Landfill as a strategic center for waste management, but is at risk of overcapacity if not managed sustainably. Downstream, this study analyzes the potential application of Waste to Energy (WtE) technology at the Blang Bintang Regional Landfill to support sustainable waste management. The study used the Decision Making Support Matrix (DMSM) method with an assessment of 12 parameters, including waste composition, calorific value, residue management efficiency, financial aspects, infrastructure readiness, and local regulations. The results show that the collection and transportation system in Banda Aceh is running quite well, but sorting at source and recycling efforts still need to be improved. The DMSM analysis recommends that Landfill Gas Collection (LGC) technology be considered the most suitable option for existing conditions, supported by the large volume of organic waste and the implementation of sanitary landfills at the landfill. Meanwhile, Incineration and Pyrolysis & Gasification technologies are less optimally implemented due to the constraints of mixed waste composition and limited energy distribution. Strategic recommendations include strengthening the sorting system at the source level, intensive education and outreach to the community, increasing human resource capacity, and collaboration between the government, the private sector, and the community to ensure the effective, efficient, and sustainable implementation of WtE technology in Banda Aceh. Keywords: Decision Making Support Matrix (DMSM), sustainable waste management, Waste To Energy (WtE)