Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ekosistem mangrove memiliki peran penting dalam mitigasi perubahan iklim karena kemampuannya menyerap dan menyimpan karbon dalam jumlah besar. Karbon yang diserap oleh mangrove tersimpan dalam bentuk biomassa, di mana semakin besar jumlah biomassa, maka semakin tinggi pula cadangan karbon yang dapat ditampung. Perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai perhitungan biomassa dan serapan karbon mangrove, karena telah terjadi peningkatan terhadap isu perubahan iklim secara global, khususnya di wilayah pesisir Kota Banda Aceh. Namun, penelitian sebelumnya di wilayah pesisir Banda Aceh masih terbatas dan belum mencakup seluruh area. Maka, penelitian ini dilakukan di seluruh wilayah pesisir Kota Banda Aceh agar data yang didapatkan bisa lebih komprehensif dengan membandingkan data pada stasiun lain. Tujuan dilakukan dari penelitian ini untuk mengestimasi biomassa dan potensi penyerapan karbon pada ekosistem mangrove secara menyeluruh. Penelitian dilakukan di empat kecamatan pesisir, yaitu Meuraxa, Kuta Raja, Kuta Alam, dan Syiah Kuala. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode allometrik non-destruktif untuk menghitung biomassa atas permukaan (AGB) dan bawah permukaan (BGB). Selain itu, analisis karbon organik tanah dilakukan menggunakan metode Walkley and Black di laboratorium Tanah dan Tanaman. Pengambilan sampel untuk menghitung AGB, BGB, dan karbon organik tanah dilakukan dengan tiga kali pengulangan pada setiap stasiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam spesies mangrove dengan dominasi Rhizophora mucronata. Estimasi biomassa total tertinggi terdapat di Kecamatan Kuta Raja sebesar 274,73 ton/ha dengan stok karbon 129,12 ton/ha, sedangkan terendah di Kecamatan Kuta Alam sebesar 72,49 ton/ha dengan stok karbon 34,07 ton/ha. Rata-rata kandungan karbon organik tanah dari keempat lokasi adalah 4,37%, dengan nilai tertinggi di Kuta Raja (5,79%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem mangrove di pesisir Kota Banda Aceh masih dalam kondisi relatif baik dan berpotensi besar dalam menyimpan karbon, menjadikannya elemen penting dalam strategi mitigasi perubahan iklim di wilayah pesisir.

Kata Kunci : Biomassa, serapan karbon, mangrove, pesisir banda aceh, perubahan iklim. 

Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in climate change mitigation due to their ability to absorb and store large amounts of carbon. The carbon absorbed by mangroves is stored in the form of biomass, whereby the greater the amount of biomass, the higher the carbon reserves that can be stored. Research on biomass calculation and carbon sequestration in mangroves is needed, given the growing concern about climate change globally, particularly in the coastal areas of Banda Aceh. However, previous research in the coastal areas of Banda Aceh has been limited and has not covered the entire area. Therefore, this study was conducted throughout the coastal areas of Banda Aceh so that the data obtained would be more comprehensive by comparing data from other stations. The purpose of this study was to estimate the biomass and carbon sequestration potential of mangrove ecosystems as a whole. The study was conducted in four coastal subdistricts, namely Meuraxa, Kuta Raja, Kuta Alam, and Syiah Kuala. The method used was a non-destructive allometric method to calculate above-ground biomass (AGB) and below-ground biomass (BGB). In addition, soil organic carbon analysis was conducted using the Walkley and Black method at the Soil and Plant Laboratory. Sampling to calculate AGB, BGB, and soil organic carbon was conducted three times at each station. The results showed that there were six species of mangroves, with Rhizophora mucronata being the dominant species. The highest total biomass estimate was found in Kuta Raja District at 273,73 tons/ha with a carbon stock of 129.12 tons/ha, while the lowest was in Kuta Alam District at 72,49 tons/ha with a carbon stock of 34,07 tons/ha. The average organic carbon content of the soil from the four locations is 4.37%, with the highest value in Kuta Raja (5.79%). These results indicate that the mangrove ecosystems along the coast of Banda Aceh are still in relatively good condition and have great potential for carbon storage, making them an important element in climate change mitigation strategies in coastal areas. Keywords: Biomass, carbon sequestration, mangroves, banda aceh coast, climate change.