Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Transportasi inklusif merupakan komponen penting dalam menjamin hak mobilitas dan partisipasi sosial seluruh lapisan masyarakat, terutama kelompok rentan seperti perempuan penyandang disabilitas. Kelompok ini menghadapi hambatan ganda, baik karena kondisi disabilitas maupun norma sosial berbasis gender, yang membatasi akses mereka terhadap layanan publik, termasuk transportasi. Di Kota Banda Aceh, layanan Bus Trans Koetaradja hadir sebagai upaya pemerintah untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas dan efisiensi perjalanan. Namun, aksesibilitas terhadap kelompok disabilitas, khususnya perempuan, masih menjadi tantangan yang perlu dievaluasi. Hambatan yang dihadapi bersifat fisik, seperti belum tersedianya fasilitas ramp yang memadai, kursi prioritas dan lampu penerangan serta hambatan yang bersifat nonfisik, yaitu penyediaan informasi dalam bentuk audio dan visual yang mendukung kebutuhan perempuan penyandang disabilitas secara optimal, baik pada bus maupun halte. Saat ini, sejauh mana layanan ini dapat diakses secara setara oleh perempuan penyandang disabilitas masih perlu dikaji lebih dalam. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ketersediaan aksesibilitas fisik dan nonfisik pada layanan Trans Koetaradja serta penilaian akses perempuan penyandang disabilitas terhadap layanan tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik observasi terhadap halte dan bus serta penyebaran kuesioner kepada 47 responden perempuan penyandang disabilitas daksa, netra, dan tuli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek keterjangkauan memperoleh penilaian sangat baik dari responden, yaitu sebanyak 88% yang menandakan bahwa dari segi biaya, layanan ini tidak dipungut biaya dan cukup ramah bagi kelompok disabilitas. Namun, pada aspek ketersediaan, kondisi aksesibilitas fisik seperti ramp dan lampu penerangan tergolong dalam kategori cukup baik, serta aksesibilitas nonfisik dalam hal informasi layanan visual dan audio tergolong buruk. Berdasarkan hasil observasi kondisi eksisting, memperlihatkan bahwa belum semua fasilitas disediakan dan berfungsi dengan baik. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun secara konsep Trans Koetaradja telah diarahkan menuju transportasi inklusif, implementasi aksesibilitasnya masih belum merata. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi masukan bagi pemerintah daerah dan pengelola transportasi publik dalam merancang kebijakan yang lebih inklusif dan adil, guna mendukung mobilitas mandiri kelompok perempuan penyandang disabilitas di Kota Banda Aceh.

Inclusive transportation is an important component in guaranteeing the right to mobility and social participation for all segments of society, especially vulnerable groups such as women with disabilities. This group faces double barriers, both due to their disability and gender-based social norms, which limit their access to public services, including transportation. In the city of Banda Aceh, the Bus Trans Koetaradja service has been introduced as part of the government's efforts to improve accessibility and travel efficiency. However, accessibility for people with disabilities, particularly women, remains a challenge that needs to be addressed. The barriers faced are both physical, such as the lack of adequate ramp facilities, priority seats, and lighting, and non-physical, namely the provision of information in audio and visual formats that adequately support the needs of women with disabilities, both on the buses and at the stops. Currently, the extent to which this service can be accessed equitably by women with disabilities still requires further examination. Therefore, this study aims to identify the availability of physical and non-physical accessibility in Trans Koetaradja services and assess women with disabilities' access to these services. The research method uses a quantitative approach with observation techniques at bus stops and on buses, as well as the distribution of questionnaires to 47 female respondents with physical, visual, and hearing disabilities. The research results indicate that the affordability aspect received a very good rating from respondents, with 88% indicating that, in terms of cost, the service is free of charge and sufficiently accessible for people with disabilities. However, in terms of availability, physical accessibility conditions such as ramps and lighting are categorized as fairly good, while non-physical accessibility in terms of visual and audio service information is categorized as poor. Based on observations of existing conditions, it is evident that not all facilities are provided and functioning properly. This situation indicates that while the Trans Koetaradja concept is aimed at inclusive transportation, the implementation of accessibility remains uneven. This study is expected to provide input for local governments and public transportation managers in designing more inclusive and fair policies to support the independent mobility of women with disabilities in Banda Aceh City.