Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Masjid merupakan bangunan yang memiliki pola penggunaan unik karena aktivitas ibadah yang bersifat intermiten dan terjadi rutin lima kali sehari. Di daerah tropis aktivitas tersebut menjadikan kenyamanan termal sebagai aspek penting dalam mendukung kualitas pengalaman beribadah jamaah. Ketergantungan terhadap sistem pendingin AC di ruang salat indoor dapat meningkatkan konsumsi energi secara berlebihan, sementara ruang salat indoor hadir sebagai ruang salat alternatif pada masjid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi tingkat kenyamanan termal ruang salat indoor ber-AC dan ruang salat semi outdoor pada Masjid Al-Hasyimiah Teuku Nyak Arief di kota Banda Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif melalui pengumpulan data lingkungan fisik berupa suhu udara, kelembaban, kecepatan udara, suhu radiasi dan data subjektif berupa persepsi kenyamanan termal dari jamaah. Data fisik diukur secara bersamaan dengan penyebaran kuesioner selama tiha hari disetiap waktu salat untuk memperoleh hasil yang akurat. Seluruh data dianalisis berdasarkan standar ASHRAE 55 berupa nilai PMV dan subjektif jamaah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ruang indoor menunjukkan tingkat kenyamanan termal dengan nilai PMV dalam rentang nyaman pada waktu Zuhur, Asar, Magrib, dan Isya, kecuali saat Subuh yang mencapai PMV 0,89 dengan nilai TSV menyatakan tidak nyaman pada seluruh waktu salat. Sedangkan ruang semi-outdoor berada di luar rentang kenyamanan dengan nilai PMV tertinggi pada waktu Zuhur sebesar 2,85 dengan nilai subjektif TSV yang dinyatakan diterima pada waktu ashar dan isya. Kenyamanan termal objektif (PMV) pada ruang salat indoor dan semi-outdor lebih baik dibandingkan kenyamanan termal secara subjektif. Dalam mencapai kenyamanan termal, persepsi subjektif dapat menjadi perhatian khusus karena dirasakan langsung oleh jamaah. Pada ruang salat semi-outdor penerimaan termal jamaah lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada ruang salat indoor, sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif desain ruang salat yang tidak mengandalkan penghawaan buatan.

Mosque is a building with a unique usage pattern due to the intermittent yet routine nature of worship activities that occur five times a day. In tropical regions, these activities make thermal comfort an essential aspect in supporting the quality of worship experience for congregants. The reliance on air conditioning systems in indoor prayer spaces can lead to excessive energy consumption, while the indoor prayer area itself serves as an alternative space within the mosque. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the level of thermal comfort in both air-conditioned indoor and semi-outdoor prayer spaces at Al-Hasyimiah Mosque, Teuku Nyak Arief, in Banda Aceh. The method used is quantitative, involving the collection of physical environmental data such as air temperature, humidity, air velocity, radiant temperature, and subjective data in the form of congregants’ thermal comfort perceptions. Physical data were measured simultaneously with the distribution of questionnaires over three days during each prayer time to obtain accurate results. All data were analyzed based on ASHRAE Standard 55 using PMV values and subjective responses from the congregants. The results showed that the indoor space achieved thermal comfort with PMV values within the comfort range during Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha prayers, except at Fajr, which reached a PMV of 0.89, with TSV values indicating discomfort during all prayer times. Meanwhile, the semi-outdoor space was outside the comfort range, with the highest PMV recorded during Dhuhr at 2.85, though subjective TSV values were reported as acceptable during Asr and Isha prayers. Objective thermal comfort (PMV) in both indoor and semi-outdoor prayer spaces was generally better than subjective thermal comfort. However, in achieving thermal comfort, subjective perception should receive special attention, as it is directly felt by the congregants. In the semi-outdoor prayer area, thermal acceptance by congregants was higher than in the indoor space, suggesting that it could serve as an alternative prayer space design that does not rely on mechanical cooling systems.