Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Burung pemangsa, yang biasa disebut sebagai raptor merupakan predator tingkat puncak yang berfungsi sebagai penjaga keseimbangan dan indikator sensitif terhadap kesehatan ekosistem, sehingga pemetaan habitat sangat penting untuk mengidentifikasi daerah yang mendukung populasi raptor. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi sebaran spasial habitat burung raptor dan jenis-jenis burung raptor yang terdapat di kawasan Sabang, Aceh Besar dan Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitafif dengan metode penginderaan jauh (remote sensing) dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Kombinasi informasi dari titik koordinat dan faktor fisik lingkungan menghasilkan luasan sebaran spasial habitat burung raptor pada kawasan penelitian. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menerapkan metode jelajah (cruise method) untuk mencatat penjumpaan jenis burung raptor dan mengambil titik koordinat keberadaannya. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Luas sebaran habitat dan persentasenya terhadap total luas wilayah adalah Kota Sabang (674 hektar, 5,52%), Montasik (Aceh Besar) (426 hektar, 6,74%), Peukan Bada (Aceh Besar) (789 hektar, 22,08%), dan Gampong Pande (Banda Aceh) (19 hektar, 6,23%). Validasi lapangan mengkonfirmasi keberadaan beberapa spesies di area yang diprediksi model, dimana ditemukan 10 spesies burung yang berasal dari tiga famili: Accipitridae, sebanyak 8 spesies, seperti; sikep madu asia (Pernis ptilorhynchus), elang alap china (Accipiter soloensis), elang alap shikra (Accipiter badius), elang paria (Milvus migrans), elang kelabu (Butastur indicus), elang ular bido (Spilornis cheela), elang laut perut putih (Halieentus leucogaster) dan elang ikan kepala abu (Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus). Famili Pandionidae, elang tiram (Pandion halientus), dan Famili Falconidae, alap-alap kawah (Falco peregrinus).
Kata Kunci: Burung Raptor, Habitat, Penginderaan Jauh, Sistem Informasi Geografis

Birds of prey, commonly referred to as raptors, are apex predators that serve as guardians of ecological balance and sensitive indicators of ecosystem health. Hence, habitat mapping is essential to identify areas that support raptor populations. The aim of this study was to identify the spatial distribution of raptor habitats, and the raptor species found in Sabang, Aceh Besar, and Banda Aceh. This research employed a quantitative approach using remote sensing methods and Geographic Information System (GIS). The combination of information from coordinate points and physical environmental factors resulted in the spatial distribution of raptor habitats in the study area. Additionally, this study applied a cruising method to record sightings of raptor species and to obtain the coordinates of their presence. The research locations were determined through purposive sampling. The extent of habitat distribution and its percentage of the total area were as follows: Sabang City (674 hectares, 5.52%), Montasik (Aceh Besar) (426 hectares, 6.74%), Peukan Bada (Aceh Besar) (789 hectares, 22.08%), and Gampong Pande (Banda Aceh) (19 hectares, 6.23%). Field validation confirmed the presence of several species in the areas predicted by the model, with 10 bird species from three families identified: Accipitridae, which included eight species such as the Oriental honey-buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus), the Chinese sparrowhawk (Accipiter soloensis), the shikra (Accipiter badius), the black kite (Milvus migrans), the grey-faced buzzard (Butastur indicus), the crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela), the white-bellied sea eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster), and the lesser fish eagle (Ichthyophaga icththyaetus). The Pandionidae family included the osprey (Pandion haliaetus), and the Falconidae family included the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus). Keywords: Raptor, Habitat, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System