Electronic Theses and Dissertation

signifikan pada kehidupan akuatik. Namun, kajian mengenai sinergi antara
peningkatan suhu dan toksisitas klorpirifos terhadap ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus)
masih belum diungkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi toksisitas klorpirifos
pada tiga variasi suhu (28°C, 31°C, dan 34°C) dengan dua konsentrasi klorpirifos (0
μg/L dan 32 μg/L). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap
(RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, di mana setiap wadah percobaan diisi 100
telur ikan nila. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tingkat penetasan, Daily Growth Rate
(DGR), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Absolute Growth Rate (AGR), tingkat
malformasi, dan jenis abnormalitas larva. Tingkat penetasan diukur sejak hari pertama
penetasan hingga akhir fase larva (hari ke-8), DGR, SGR dan AGR diukur di awal dan
akhir pemaparan, sementara malformasi di akhir masa pemaparan. Hasil menunjukkan
tingkat penetasan tertinggi (85,33%) tercapai pada suhu 34°C tanpa klorpirifos,
sedangkan tingkat penetasan terendah (20%) terjadi pada suhu 28°C dengan
klorpirifos pada hari ke-2. DGR dan SGR menurun signifikan pada suhu 34°C dengan
klorpirifos, masing-masing mencapai 0,0003 g/hari dan 3,73%/hari, dibandingkan
dengan suhu 28°C tanpa klorpirifos (0,0011 g/hari dan 10,78%/hari). AGR tetap stabil
pada semua suhu, tanpa perbedaan signifikan, baik dengan atau tanpa klorpirifos.
Tingkat malformasi larva, seperti lordosis dan kyphosis, meningkat seiring dengan
kenaikan suhu dan paparan klorpirifos, dengan tingkat tertinggi (25%) tercatat pada
suhu 34°C dengan konsentrasi klorpirifos 32 μg/L. Abnormalitas dominan meliputi
lordosis diikuti oleh ekor melengkung dan kifosis. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan
pembatasan penggunaan klorpirifos serta mitigasi dampak perubahan suhu untuk
mendukung keberlanjutan populasi ikan nila dalam budidaya dan kelestarian
ekosistem perairan.
Kata Kunci: klorpirifos, ikan nila, daya tetas, pertumbuhan larva.

Global warming and the use of pesticides such as chlorpyrifos have a significant impact on aquatic life. However, studies on the synergy between rising temperatures and the toxicity of chlorpyrifos to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of chlorpyrifos at three temperature variations (28°C, 31°C, and 34°C) with two chlorpyrifos concentrations (0 μg/L and 32 μg/L). The research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications, where each experimental unit was stocked with 100 fertilized Nile tilapia eggs. The hatching rate was measured from the first day of hatching until the end of the larval stage (day 8). DGR, SGR, and AGR were measured at the beginning and end of exposure. While malformations were assessed at the end of the exposure period. Parameter measurements were conducted from the first day of hatching until the end of the larval stage (Day 8). The results showed that the highest hatching rate (85.33%) was achieved at 34°C without chlorpyrifos, while the lowest hatching rate (20%) occurred at 28°C with chlorpyrifos on Day 2. DGR and SGR significantly decreased at 34°C with chlorpyrifos exposure, reaching 0.0003 g/day and 3.73%/day, respectively, compared to 28°C without chlorpyrifos (0.0011 g/day and 10.78%/day). AGR remained stable across all temperatures, showing no significant differences with or without chlorpyrifos. Larval malformation rates, such as lordosis and kyphosis, increased with higher temperatures and chlorpyrifos exposure, with the highest rate (25%) recorded at 34°C with 32 μg/L chlorpyrifos. The dominant abnormalities include lordosis, followed by curved tails and kyphosis. This study recommends limiting the use of chlorpyrifos and mitigating the effects of temperature changes to support the sustainability of Nile tilapia populations in aquaculture and the preservation of aquatic ecosystems. Keywords: chlorpyrifos, Nile tilapia, hatching rate, larval growth.