Electronic Theses and Dissertation

GAMBARAN MAKROANATOMI DAN MIKROANATOMI
BURSA FABRISIUS AYAM BROILER YANG
DIBERI PAKAN TEPUNG MAGGOT
BLACK SOLDIER FLY (BSF)
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung maggot Black Soldier
Fly terhadap makroanatomi dan mikroanatomi serta interaksi organ bursa Fabrisius ayam broiler
umur berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 2 faktor yaitu perlakuan
maggot BSF dan umur ayam. Sampel penelitian menggunakan 24 ekor ayam broiler. Kelompok
faktor perlakuan maggot BSF sebanyak 4 kelompok yang terdiri dari P0 (Pakan komersil 100%), P1
(Pakan komersil 90% + tepung maggot BSF 10%), P2 (Pakan komersil 80% + tepung Maggot BSF
20%), dan P3 (Pakan komersil 70% + tepung maggot BSF 30%). Kelompok faktor umur ayam
terbagi 2 yaitu umur 14 hari dan 21 hari. Perlakuan penelitian selama 14 hari. Sampel ayam
dinekropsi untuk diambil organ bursa Fabrisius. Sampel organ dibuat preparat histologi dan diwarnai
dengan Hematoksilin-Eosin. Data warna dan bentuk dianalisis secara deskriptif dan data hasil
pengukuran dianalisis menggunakan uji Two-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dilanjutkan
dengan uji lanjutan Tukey test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pemberian pakan tepung
maggot BSF dan umur ayam memberikan pengaruh pada gambaran makroanatomi pada hasil
tertinggi yaitu panjang (2,50±0,07 cm), lebar (2,20±0,10 cm), berat (1,89± 0,511 g) bursa Fabrisius,
namun tidak memberikan pengaruh pada tebal bursa Fabrisius. Aspek warna dan bentuk bursa
Fabrisius di semua kelompok perlakuan dan umur memiliki ciri yang normal. Pada pengukuran
mikroanatomi, pemberian pakan tepung maggot BSF menunjukkan pengaruh pada panjang folikel
(0,85 ± 0,02 mm), lebar folikel (0,44 ± 0,02 mm) serta tinggi plicae (4,84 ± 0,35 mm) dipengaruhi
oleh perbedaan umur, namun tidak memberikan pengaruh pada jumlah folikel. Interaksi antara
faktor perlakuan dan umur ayam hanya menunjukkan interaksi terhadap panjang, lebar dan berat
bursa, panjang dan lebar folikel namun tidak memberikan interaksi pada tebal bursa fabrisius, tinggi
plicae dan jumlah folikel. Kesimpulan dari studi adalah pemberian tepung maggot BSF sebagai
pakan ayam broiler memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda pada bagian organ bursa Fabrisius dengan
perlakuan terbaik pada P3.
Kata kunci: Ayam broiler, bursa Fabrisius, maggot, makroanatomi, mikroanatomi

MACROANATOMICAL AND MICROANATOMICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE BURSA OF FABRICIUS IN BROILER CHICKENS FED WITH BLACK SOLDIER FLY (BSF) MAGGOT MEAL ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot meal on the macroanatomy and microanatomy of the bursa of Fabricius in broiler chickens of different ages. The research utilized a completely randomized design with two factors: the inclusion of BSF maggot meal in the diet and the age of the chickens. A total of 24 broiler chickens were used as samples. The treatment groups for BSF maggot meal were as follows: P0 (100% commercial feed), P1 (90% commercial feed + 10% BSF maggot meal), P2 (80% commercial feed + 20% BSF maggot meal), and P3 (70% commercial feed + 30% BSF maggot meal). The chickens were divided into two age groups: 14 days and 21 days. The treatment lasted for 14 days. Post-treatment, the chickens were necropsied to collect the bursa of Fabricius, which was processed into histological slides and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. The data on color and shape were analyzed descriptively, while measurement data were examined using Two-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The findings showed that the addition of BSF maggot meal and the age of the chickens influenced the macroanatomy, with the highest values recorded for bursa length (2.50±0.17 cm), width (2.20±0.10 cm), and weight (1.84 ± 0.67 g). However, no significant effect was found on bursa thickness. The color and shape of the bursa appeared normal across all treatment and age groups. Regarding microanatomy, BSF maggot meal affected follicle length (0.85 ± 0.02 mm), follicle width (0.44 ± 0.02 mm), and plicae height (4.84 ± 0.35 mm), with these parameters also influenced by age differences. However, no effect was observed on the number of follicles. Interactions between treatment and age were significant for bursa length, width, and weight, as well as follicle length and width, but not for bursa thickness, plicae height, or follicle number. In conclusion, incorporating BSF maggot meal into broiler chicken feed resulted in varying effects on the bursa of Fabricius, with the best outcomes observed in the P3 treatment group. Key Words: Broiler chickens, bursa of Fabrisius, maggot, macroanatomy, microanatomy