Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Perubahan kualitas lingkungan perairan akibat pembuangan limbah cair rumah potong ayam (RPA) menjadi perhatian utama karena mengandung senyawa organik yang tinggi dan patogen, sehingga dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan dan menjadi sumber penyebaran penyakit, seperti kolera, campylobacteriosis, dan infeksi Escherichia coli, jika tidak diolah dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah limbah cair rumah potong ayam menggunakan kombinasi metode Trickling Filter dan Rotating Biological Contactor dengan memanfaatkan media lokal dan ekonomis. Limbah cair dimasukkan ke dalam tangki TF dengan berisi media berupa kerikil, tempurung kelapa, keramik bekas, dan batu apung sebagai tempat mikroorganisme hidup. Setelah proses TF, limbah cair dialirkan ke dalam tangki RBC, dengan penambahan Mikro Organisme Lokal dari nasi basi dan bonggol pisang yang telah difermentasi selama 7-14 hari. Pengolahan menggunakan RBC dilakukan dengan variasi waktu retensi 1, 3 dan 6 jam. Hasil pengujian efisiensi pengolahan menunjukkan bahwa metode TF dan RBC terbukti efektif dalam pengolahan limbah cair rumah potong ayam, dengan penurunan signifikan dari 1.583 hingga 205 mg/l, COD 2.765 hingga 415 mg/l, TSS 1.135 hingga 93 mg/l, TDS 677 mg/l, turbiditas 487 hingga 51 NTU dan amonia 113 hingga 11 mg/l., menunjukkan kemampuan kedua metode ini dalam mengurangi polusi limbah cair secara signifikan. Efisiensi pengolahan meningkat seiring bertambahnya waktu tinggal, di mana pada waktu tinggal 6 jam tercatat penurunan BOD sebesar 87,05%, COD 82,11%, TSS 90,51%, kekeruhan 79,36%, dan amoniak 88,66%, dibandingkan waktu tinggal 3 jam dan 1 jam. Keberadaan biofilm pada media filter menjadi faktor penting karena biofilm mampu menguraikan senyawa organik dan bahan pencemar lainnya melalui proses biologis aerobik, mendukung nitrifikasi, dan secara efektif menurunkan kadar amoniak dalam limbah.
Kata Kunci: Limbah pemotongan ayam; Trickling Filter; Rotating Biological Contactor; Biofilm; Mikroorganisme Lokal.

Changes in the quality of aquatic environments due to the discharge of wastewater from poultry slaughterhouses have become a major concern because such wastewater contains high levels of organic compounds and pathogens. If not properly treated, this can lead to environmental pollution and serve as a source of disease outbreaks, such as cholera, campylobacteriosis, and Escherichia coli infections. This study aims to treat poultry slaughterhouse wastewater using a combination of Trickling Filter (TF) and Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) methods, utilizing affordable and locally available media. The wastewater was introduced into the TF tank containing media such as gravel, coconut shells, broken ceramics, and pumice stones, which serve as habitats for microorganisms. Following the TF process, the wastewater was channeled into the RBC tank, with the addition of Local Microorganisms derived from fermented leftover rice and banana stems for 7–14 days. The RBC treatment was conducted with retention time variations of 1, 3, and 6 hours. The results of processing efficiency tests show that the TF and RBC methods have proven effective in processing liquid waste from chicken slaughterhouses, with significant reductions from 1,583 to 205 mg/l, COD 2,765 to 415 mg/l, TSS 1,135 to 93 mg/l, TDS 677 mg /l, turbidity 487 to 51 NTU and ammonia 113 to 11 mg/l., demonstrating the capability of both methods This significantly reduces liquid waste pollution. Processing efficiency increases with increasing residence time, where at a residence time of 6 hours a decrease in BOD of 87.05%, COD 82.11%, TSS 90.51%, turbidity 79.36%, and ammonia 88.66%, compared to remaining time is 3 hours and 1 hour. The presence of biofilm in filter media is an important factor because biofilm is able to decompose organic compounds and other pollutants through aerobic biological processes, supports nitrification, and effectively reduces ammonia levels in waste. Keywords: Biofilm, chicken slaughterhouses waste, local microorganisms, rotating biological contactor, trickling filter.