Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Staph.) adalah tanaman obat yang telah lama digunakan secara tradisional untuk berbagai tujuan kesehatan, termasuk mengobati nyeri, luka, dan demam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi aktivitas antiinflamasi dari minyak atsiri C. citratus menggunakan metode denaturasi protein. Penelitian ini mencakup ekstraksi minyak atsiri menggunakan hidrodistilasi, analisis GC-MS untuk mengidentifikasi komponen senyawa kimia dominan, dan pengujian aktivitas antiinflamasi dengan metode inhibisi denaturasi protein menggunakan Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). Minyak atsiri C. citratus yang diperoleh melalui metode hidrodistilasi memiliki nilai rendemen sebesar 0,492%. Berdasarkan analisis GC-MS, minyak atsiri ini mengandung komponen senyawa dominan berupa trans-citral (34,77%), cis-citral (20,61%), dan beberapa senyawa lain seperti chamipinene-a (6,819%), neric acid (4,495%), 2,3-epoxygeranial (4,150 %), geranyl formate (1,433%), cinnamyl alcohol (1,135%), linalool dioxyd (1,103%), serta senyawa pendukung aktivitas antiinflamasi seperti linalool (0,598%) dan myrcene (0,337%). Pengujian aktivitas antiinflamasi menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri konsentrasi 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, dan 1000 ppm memiliki persentase inhibisi berturut-turut sebesar 51,63%, 60,61%, 70,18%, dan 76,71% dan memiliki nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 105,628 ppm. Natrium diklofenak adalah obat antiinflamasi yang digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dengan konsentrasi 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm dan 1000 memiliki persentase inhibisi berturut-turut sebesar 61,36%, 69,63%, 80,89%, dan 85,10% dengan nilai IC₅₀ sebesar 46,08 ppm. Minyak atsiri C. citratus pada konsentrasi tertinggi yaitu 1000 ppm memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi yang identik secara signifikan (P ≥ 0,05). dengan natrium diklofenak konsentrasi 250 ppm dan 500 ppm. Hal ini menunjukan potensi minyak atsiri C. citratus sebagai obat antiinflamasi dari bahan alam.

Kata kunci: antiinflamasi, minyak atsiri, Cymbopogon citratus, denaturasi protein, Bovine Serum Albumin, citral.

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Staph.) is a medicinal plant which has long been used traditionally for many health purposes, including treatment of pain, injuries, and fever. This study was to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory activity of C. citratus essential oil by using protein denaturation method. The study included essential oil extraction by hydrodistillation, GC-MS analysis to identify chemical compounds, and anti-inflammatory activity assay by protein denaturation inhibition method on Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). C. citratus essential oil that was obtained by hydrodistillation method had a yield value at 0.492%. Based on GC-MS analysis, this essential oil contains the main components of trans-citral (34.77%), cis-citral (20.61%), and several other compounds such as chamipinene-a (6.819%), neric acid (4.495%), 2,3-epoxygeranial (4.150%), geranyl formate (1.433%), cinnamyl alcohol (1.135%), linalool dioxyd (1.103%), and compounds supporting anti-inflammatory activity such as linalool (0.598%) and myrcene (0.337%). Anti-inflammatory activity testing showed that essential oil concentrations of 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, and 1000 ppm had a percentage inhibition of 25.57%, 51.63%, 60.61%, 70.18%, and 76.71% respectively and had an IC₅₀ value of 105.628 ppm. Diclofenac sodium is an anti-inflammatory drug used as the positive control with concentrations of, 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 1000 ppm had percentage inhibition of 49.34%, 57.96%, 61.36%, 69.63%, 80.89%, and 85,10%, respectively, with an IC₅₀ value of 46.08 ppm. C. citratus essential oil at the highest concentration of 1000 ppm had significantly identical anti-inflammatory activity (P ≥ 0.05) with diclofenac sodium concentrations of 250 ppm and 500 ppm. This shows the potential of C. citratus essential oil as an anti-inflammatory agent from natural materials. Keywords: anti-inflammatory, essential oil, Cymbopogon citratus, protein denaturation, Bovine Serum Albumin, citral.