Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Newcastle Disease merupakan salah satu penyakit endemik di Indonesia yang menyebar dengan cepat dan menyebabkan kerugian besar bagi peternak. Virus ND memiliki tingkat mutasi yang relatif tinggi yang menyebabkan peningkatan virulensi, perluasan tropisme jaringan, dan kemampuan replikasi virus, yang secara langsung akan mempengaruhi pola kerusakan jaringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran histopatologi dan pola sebaran organ pernapasan ayam buras yang mati akibat VND pada kasus lapang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional kualitatif dengan sampel berupa jaringan trakea dan paru ayam buras yang sudah dikonfirmasi positif VND berdasarkan uji IHK. Sampel dipreparasi untuk dilakukan pewarnaan Hemaktosilin-eosin (HE). Hasil pewarnaan HE akan diamati dan dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi lesi khas ND. Ditemukan adanya trakeitis yang ditandai dengan hemoragi dan kongesti mulifokal, edema dan infiltrasi sel radang difus, deskuamasi epitel, nekrosis dan desiliasi. Pneumonia campuran terlihat yang ditandai dengan kongesti, edema, infiltrasi sel radang, hemoragi difus, serta adanya nekrosis, atelektasi, trombus, eksudat purulen dan muko-purulen serta emfisema. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan trakeitis dan pneumonia campuran dengan lesi yang menyebar secara multifokal sampai difus pada organ pernapasan ayam buras yang mati akibat terinfeksi VND pada kasus lapang.

Kata kunci: Paru, trakea, kongesti, edema, hemoragi, infiltrasi sel radang.

Newcastle Disease is one of the endemic diseases in Indonesia that spreads rapidly and causes huge losses to farmers. ND virus has a relatively high mutation rate that causes increased virulence, expansion of tissue tropism, and viral replication ability, which will directly affect the pattern of tissue damage. This study aimed to determine the histopathological features and distribution patterns of respiratory organs of native chickens that died cause by NDV infection in field cases. This study used a qualitative observational method with samples tracheal and lung tissues of native chickens that had been confirmed positive for NDV based on the IHK test. Samples were prepped for Hemactosylin-eosin (HE) staining. HE staining results were observed and analyzed descriptively to identify typical ND lesions. Tracheitis was found characterized by mulifocal hemorrhage and congestion, diffuse edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, necrosis, epithelial desquamation and deciliation. Mixed pneumonia was seen characterized by diffuse congestion, edema, hemorrhage and inflammatory cell infiltration as well as the presence of necrosis, atelectation, thrombus, purulent and muco-purulent exudates as well as emphysema. The conclusion of this study was that tracheitis and mixed pneumonia with multifocal to diffuse lesions were found in the respiratory organs of native chickens that died cause by NDV infection in field cases. Keywords: Lungs, trachea, congestion, edema, hemorrhage, infiltration of inflammatory cells.