Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Salah satu varietas padi lokal yang dimiliki Aceh adalah Sigupai Abdya. Sigupai Abdya memiliki keunggulan nasi yang pulen dan aromatik, serta daya adaptasi yang baik terhadap kondisi lingkungan setempat. Namun, Sigupai Abdya memiliki kelemahan yaitu tanaman yang tinggi dan umur yang dalam. Perbaikan Sigupai Abdya dilakukan dengan cara mutasi.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performansi morfo-agronomi pada padi hasil pemuliaan mutasi Sigupai Abdya generasi ke-7. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada lahan Aceh Rice Research Institute (ARRI) Sektor Timur Darussalam dengan letak geografis yaitu pada 5057’1,63”LU-95037’,09BT dan pada ketinggiannya 13 mdpl, dan Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Departemen Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Desember 2023 sampai dengan Mei 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola non faktorial. Faktor yang diteliti adalah galur (G) generasi ke-7 hasil pemuliaan mutasi Sigupai Abdya terdapat 11 galur dan 1 varietas padi Ciherang sebagai pembanding. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu galur UM 2, UM 4, UM 5, UM 6, UM 8, UM 10, UM 12, UM 13, UM 15, UM 16, UM 23 dan varietas Ciherang. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 kali ulangan dengan 5 tanaman sampel sehingga terdapat 180 tanaman sampel. Analisis data menggunakan Anova dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan maksimum, umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah malai perumpun, panjang malai perumpun, bobot malai perumpun, bobot gabah bernas perumpun, bobot gabah hampa perumpun, berat 1000 butir gabah, bobot jerami perumpun, indeks panen, dan potensi hasil (ton ha-1).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur padi hasil pemuliaan mutasi Sigupai Abdya M7 pada lahan kering berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman saat panen, panjang malai per rumpun, bobot gabah hampa per rumpun, dan bobot jerami per rumpun, berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 6 MST, bobot malai per rumpun, bobot gabah bernas per rumpun, dan potensi hasil (ton ha-1). Galur padi hasil pemuliaan mutasi Sigupai Abdya M7 pada lahan kering memiliki tinggi tanaman berkisar 114,53 cm – 122,07 cm, umur panen berkisar 121,00 HSS – 125,00 HSS, dan produktivitas berkisar 4,14 ton ha-1 – 5,95 ton ha-1.

One of the local rice varieties in Aceh is Sigupai Abdya. Sigupai Abdya has the advantage of fluffy and aromatic rice, as well as good adaptability to local environmental conditions. However, Sigupai Abdya has weaknesses, namely tall plants and deep maturity. Improvements to Sigupai Abdya were carried out by mutation. This research aims to determine the morpho-agronomic performance of rice resulting from the 7th generation Sigupai Abdya mutation breeding. This research was carried out on the land of the Aceh Rice Research Institute (ARRI) East Darussalam Sector with a geographical location at 5057'1.63”N-95037'.09E and at an altitude of 13 meters above sea level, and the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory of the Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. The research was conducted from December 2023 to May 2024. This research used a non-factorial Randomized Group Design (RAK). The factors studied were the 7th generation (G) line resulting from Sigupai Abdya mutation breeding, there were 11 lines and 1 Ciherang rice variety as a comparison. The factors studied were the UM 2, UM 4, UM 5, UM 6, UM 8, UM 10, UM 12, UM 13, UM 15, UM 16, UM 23 and Ciherang varieties. This research used 3 replications with 5 sample plants so there were 180 sample plants. Data analysis used Anova and continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The parameters observed were plant height, maximum number of tillers, flowering age, harvest age, number of panicles in the clump, length of the clump of clumps, weight of the clump of panicles, weight of the grainy grain in the clump, weight of the empty grain in the clump, weight of 1000 grains of grain, weight of the straw in the clump, harvest index. , and potential yield (ton ha-1). The results of the research showed that the rice line resulting from breeding the Sigupai Abdya M7 mutation on dry land had a very significant effect on the parameters of plant height at harvest, panicle length per hill, empty grain weight per hill, and straw weight per hill, had a significant effect on plant height at 6 WAP , panicle weight per hill, weight of grain per hill, and potential yield (ton ha-1). The rice line resulting from breeding the Sigupai Abdya M7 mutation on dry land has a plant height ranging from 114.53 cm – 122.07 cm, harvest age ranging from 121.00 DAP – 125.00 DAP, and productivity ranging from 4.14 tons ha-1 – 5 .95 tons ha-1.