Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kulit kopi merupakan salah satu sumber daya yang berpotensi dijadikan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pakan ikan tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian kulit kopi fermentasi menggunakan Aspergillus niger terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan tawes. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pemeliharaan dan Pembenihan Fakultas Kelautan dan Perikanan, USK, pengukuran histometrik usus ikan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Struktur dan Perkembangan, departemen Biologi FMIPA USK dan Pengujian Proksimat dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Analisis Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian, USK. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) menggunakan 5 taraf (0%, 10% 20%, 30%, 40%) dengan 4 kali pengulangan. Hewan uji yang digunakan ialah ikan tawes dengan panjang rata-rata 4-5 cm, bobot rata-rata 1,39 g berusia 25-30 hari sebanyak 300 individu. Parameter yang digunakan diantaranya laju pertumbuhan harian (DWG), pertambahan berat mutlak (W), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR), pertumbuhan panjang mutlak (AGR), kelangsungan hidup (SR), rasio konservasi pakan (RKP), efisiensi pakan (EP), dan histometrik usus (tinggi vili, lebar basal vili, lebar apikal vili dan rasio panjang relatif vili usus). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dengan taraf signifikansi 95% dan diuji lanjut dengan multiple range test Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan data pertumbuhan tertinggi diperoleh pada kelompok uji 30% penambahan kulit kopi fermentasi yaitu laju pertumbuhan harian 0,042 g/hari, pertumbuhan berat mutlak 1,87 g/hari, dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik 1,20 %/hari. Hasil terbaik juga diperoleh pada pertambahan panjang mutlak dengan nilai 0,97cm/hari. Formulasi 30% pakan kulit kopi fermentasi memberikan hasil terbaik pada nilai rasio konversi pakan 2,04 %/hari dan efesiensi pakan 48,99 %/hari. Hasil analisis histologi terbaik diperoleh pada 30% pakan fermentasi kulit kopi dengan nilai rata-rata tinggi vili 243,21µm, lebar basal 79,77 µm, lebar apikal 69,09 µm dan rasio panjang usus relatif 322,98.

Coffee husk is one of the resources that has the potential to be used as raw material in making tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) feed. This study aimed at determining the effectiveness of giving fermented coffee husk using Aspergillus niger on the growth and survival of tawes. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Maintenance and Hatchery, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, USK, histometric measurements of fish intestines were carried out at the Structure and Development Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, USK and Proximate Testing was carried out at the and Proximate Testing was carried out at the Food and Agricultural Products Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, USK. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) using 5 levels (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) with 4 repetitions. The test animals used were tawes with a length of 4-5 cm, weighing 1.39 g aged 25-30 days as many as 300 individuals. Parameters used included daily growth rate (DWG), absolute weight gain (W), specific growth rate (SGR), absolute length growth (AGR), survival rate (SR), feed conservation ratio (FCR), feed efficiency (FE), and intestinal histometrics (villi height, villi basal width, villi apical width and relative length ratio of intestinal villi). Data were analyzed by using ANOVA test with 95% significant level and further tested with Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed the highest growth data were obtained in the 30% test group of fermented coffee skin addition, namely daily growth rate of 0.042 g/day, absolute weight growth of 1.87 g/day, and specific growth rate of 1.20 %/day. The best results were also obtained in absolute length gain with a value of 0.97 cm/day. Formulation of 30% fermented coffee skin feed gave the best results in the feed conversion ratio value of 2.04 % / day and feed efficiency of 48.99 % / day. The best histology analysis results were obtained in 30% fermented coffee skin feed with an average villus height of 243.21 µm, basal width of 79.77 µm, apical width of 69.09 µm and relative intestinal length ratio of 322.98.