Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) memiliki potensi minyak nabati tertinggi. Pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit yang optimal dipengaruhi beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah media tanam. Media tanam pada pembibitan kelapa sawit pada dasar nya terdiri atas tanah topsoil yang dicampur dengan pasir serta pupuk anorganik. Kecambah memiliki cadangan hara yang tersedia hanya cukup maksimal 3 minggu awal pertumbuhan, kebutuhan unsur hara selanjutnya harus dipenuhi dengan pemupukan. Penambahan bahan organik dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan produktifitas media tanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media tanam dan dosis pupuk NPK serta interaksi antara keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan dan Laboratorium Ilmu Gulma Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, dimulai dari November 2023 sampai dengan Februari 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola Faktorial 4 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu media tanam (M) terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu tanah (kontrol), tanah : pupuk kandang, tanah : pupuk kompos tankos dan tanah : arang sekam. Faktor kedua dosis pupuk NPK (D) terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu 1,5 g, 2,5 g dan 3,5 g polybag-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi bibit kelapa sawit 60 dan 90 HST dan diameter pangkal batang 60 dan 90 HST, berat basah berangkasan dan berat kering berangkasan. Berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi bibit kelapa sawit dan diameter pangkal batang umur 30 HST, dan jumlah daun umur 30, 60, 90 HST. Pertumbuhan terbaik terdapat pada media tanam campuran tanah : pupuk kandang (2:1). Dosis pupuk NPK berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi bibit kelapa sawit umur 90 HST, namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi umur 30 dan 60 HST, diameter pangkal batang umur 30, 60 dan 90 HST, jumlah daun 30, 60 dan 90 HST, berat kering dan berat basah berangkasan bibit kelapa sawit. Pertumbuhan bibit terbaik terdapat pada pemberian dosis pupuk NPK 2,5 g polybag-1. Interaksi antara media tanam dan dosis pupuk NPK berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati.

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has the highest potential for vegetable oil production. The optimal growth of oil palm seedlings is influenced by several factors, one of which is the planting media. The planting media in oil palm nurseries generally consists of topsoil mixed with sand and inorganic fertilizers. The seedlings have nutrient reserves that are sufficient only for the first three weeks of growth, after which nutrient needs must be met through fertilization. The addition of organic matter can be utilized to enhance the productivity of the planting media. This study aims to determine the effects of planting media and NPK fertilizer dosage, as well as the interaction between them on the growth of oil palm seedlings. This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden and Weed Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, from November 2023 to February 2024. The experiment used a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) 4 x 3 with 3 replications. The factors studied were planting media (M) consisting of 4 levels such as soil (control), soil : manure, soil : compost, and soil : husk charcoal. The second factor was the NPK fertilizer dosage (D) consisting of 3 levels such as 1,5 g, 2,5 g, and 3,5 g polybag-1. The results showed that the planting media had a highly significant effect on the height of oil palm seedlings at 60 and 90 days after planting (DAP) and the stem base diameter at 60 and 90 DAP, as well as the fresh and dry biomass weight. Planting media had no significant effect of seedling height and stem base diameter at 30 DAP, and the number of leaves at 30, 60, and 90 DAP. The best growth was observed in the planting media mixture of soil : manure (2:1). The NPK fertilizer dosage had a significant effect on the height of oil palm seedlings at 90 DAP but did not significantly affect the height at 30 and 60 DAP, stem base diameter at 30, 60, and 90 DAP, number of leaves at 30, 60, and 90 DAP, or the fresh and dry biomass weight of the seedlings. The best seedling growth was found by the application of NPK fertilizer with a dose of 2,5 g polybag-1. The interaction between planting media and NPK fertilizer dosage had no significant effect on the observed parameters.