Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) merupakan komoditi tanaman pangan yang memiliki banyak manfaat dan berperan penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan mulsa sekam padi dan jarak tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis, serta interaksi kedua faktor terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sektor Timur, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh. Penelitian dilakukan sejak bulan Februari sampai Mei 2023. Alat-alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah, cangkul, pisau, tali rafia, meteran, tusuk sate, gembor, papan nama, kamera, meteran kain, jangka sorong, timbangan analitik, alat tulis, termometer, tube solarimeter, termometer bola kering (TBK), termometer bola basah (TBB), dan soil moisture meter. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah benih jagung manis varietas Bonanza, sekam padi 65 kg, pupuk urea 250 kg ha-1, pupuk SP-36 150 kg ha-1 dan KCl 100 kg ha-1, insektisida, dan Furadan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu mulsa organik sekam padi yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (kontrol, 2,5 ton ha-1, dan 5 ton ha-1) dan jarak tanam yang terdiri dari 3 taraf (50 cm x 30 cm, 60 cm x 30 cm, dan 70 cm x 30 cm). Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (helai), diameter batang (cm), jumlah tongkol per tanaman, bobot tongkol berkelobot (g), diameter tongkol berkelobot (mm), bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot (g), diameter tongkol tanpa kelobot (mm), potensi hasil (ton ha-1) dan iklim mikro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mulsa organik sekam padi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Jarak tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap potensi hasil tanaman jagung, namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan mulsa sekam padi dan jarak tanam terhadap semua parameter yang diamati. Perlakuan terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah perlakuan jarak tanam 50 cm x 30 cm yaitu sebanyak 4,43 ton ha-1.

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) is a food crop commodity that has many benefits and plays an important role in Indonesia's economic development. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of rice husk mulch and planting distance on the growth and production of sweet corn plants, as well as the interaction of the two factors on the growth and production of corn plants. This research was conducted at the East Sector Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh. The research was conducted from February to May 2023. The tools used in this study were hoes, knives, raffia ropes, meters, skewers, watering cans, nameplates, cameras, cloth meters, calipers, analytical scales, stationery, thermometers, solarimeter tubes, dry bulb thermometers (TBK), wet bulb thermometers (TBB), and soil moisture meters. The materials used in this study were sweet corn seeds of Bonanza variety, 65 kg of rice husk, 250 kg ha-1 urea fertilizer, 150 kg ha-1 SP-36 fertilizer and 100 kg ha-1 KCl, insecticides, and Furadan. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RAK) factorial pattern 3 x 3 with 3 replications. The factors studied were organic rice husk mulch consisting of 3 levels (control, 2.5 tons ha-1, and 5 tons ha-1) and planting distance consisting of 3 levels (50 cm x 30 cm, 60 cm x 30 cm, and 70 cm x 30 cm). The parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves (leaflets), stem diameter (cm), number of cobs per plant, weight of cobs with husks (g), diameter of cobs with husks (mm), weight of cobs without husks (g), diameter of cobs without husks (mm), yield potential (ton ha-1) and microclimate. The results showed that the use of organic rice husk mulch had no significant effect on all observed parameters. Planting distance had a very significant effect on the potential yield of corn plants, but had no significant effect on all observed parameters. There was no significant interaction between rice husk mulch treatment and planting distance on all observed parameters. The best treatment in this study was the 50 cm x 30 cm planting distance treatment, which was 4.43 tons ha-1.