Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) adalah karsinoma sel skuamosa atau tumor ganas epitel yang muncul dari permukaan mukosa nasofaring yang menempati peringkat kelima di Indonesia dengan prevalensi 19.943 (5%). Peningkatan risiko karsinoma nasofaring diketahui memiliki etiologi yang multifaktorial yang terdiri dari faktor genetik, faktor lingkungan, dan juga virus Eipstein-Barr (EBV). Secara klinis, gejala terbanyak yang didapati pada penderita karsinoma nasofaring adalah timbulnya massa di leher. Adapun gejala lainnya seperti gangguan neurologis, gangguan hidung, dan gangguan telinga yang dapat berkembang seiring pertumbuhan tumor dan peningkatan stadium. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk analisis epidemiologi, melihat profil klinis, dan distribusi pasien karsinoma nasofaring di RSUD Dr Zainoel Abidin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu, deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medis di RSUD Dr Zainoel Abidin Periode Januari 2022 – Desember 2023. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 70 pasien dimana (71%) didominasi oleh jenis kelamin laki-laki dan (29%) berjenis kelamin perempuan. Sebaran umum penderita dari 14 sampai 78 tahun dengan kelompok usia tertinggi 46-55 tahun (30%). Keluhan utama yang paling umum adalah ditemukannya massa di leher (54%), diikuti hidung tersumbat (40%), epistaksis dan telinga berdengung masing-masing (27%). Kebanyakan pasien mengalami karsinoma WHO Tipe II (44%), diikuti oleh WHO tipe III sebanyak (37%), dan WHO tipe I (19%). Sebagian besar pasien berada di stadium IVA yaitu sebanyak (52%).


Kata kunci : karsinoma nasofaring, profil klinis, RSUD Dr Zainoel Abidin

ABSTRACT Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous cell carcinoma or malignant epithelial tumor that comes from the surface of the nasopharyngeal mucosa and is ranked fifth of carcinoma in Indonesia with a prevalence of 19,943 (5%). The increased risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is known to have a multifactorial etiology consisting of genetic factors, environmental factors, and also the Einstein-Barr virus (EBV). Clinically, the most common symptom found in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the appearance of a mass in the neck. There are other symptoms such as nervous disorders, nose problems and ear problems which can develop as the tumor grows and the stage increases. The purpose of this research is to evaluate epidemiology, determine the clinical profile and distribution of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients at Dr Zainoel Abidin Regional Hospital. The research method used was descriptive retrospective using medical record data at Dr Zainoel Abidin Regional Hospital for the period January 2022 – December 2023. The results of the study have found 70 patients, of which (71%) were predominantly male and (29%) were female. The general age distribution is from 14 to 78 years with the highest age group being 46-55 years (30%). The most common primary complaints were the presence of neck masses (54%), followed by nasal congestion (40%), epistaxis, and tinnitus at 27% each. Most patients were diagnosed with WHO Type II carcinoma (44%), followed by Type III (37%) and Type I (19%). The majority of patients were in stage IVA, accounting for (52%). Keyword : nasopharyngeal carcinoma, clinical profile, Dr Zainoel Abidin Regional Hospital