Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Proteus mirabilis merupakan bakteri Gram negatif, termasuk dalam famili Enterobacteriaceae sebagai flora normal di saluran pencernaan, dan bersifat patogen oportunistik. Proteus mirabilis dapat menghasilkan Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) yang membuat bakteri ini resistan terhadap antibiotik golongan beta laktam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi, distribusi berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, ruang rawat dan mengetahui sensitivitas antibiotik Proteus mirabilis penghasil ESBL dan non-ESBL. Isolat Proteus mirabilis diperoleh dengan metode deskriptif yaitu melakukan isolasi, identifikasi dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik dengan menggunakan alat VITEK® 2 Compact. Proteus mirabilis yang diisolasi berasal dari spesimen luka di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Jumlah Proteus mirabilis yang diperoleh dari spesimen luka selama periode Januari 2021-Maret 2024 yaitu sebanyak 153 isolat. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan prevalensi Proteus mirabilis penghasil ESBL lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan non-ESBL. Sebanyak 60 isolat (39,22%) positif menghasilkan ESBL, sedangkan isolat non-ESBL sebanyak 93 isolat (60,78%) yang terisolasi pada spesimen luka. Distribusi berdasarkan jenis kelamin diperoleh lebih tinggi pada laki-laki. Isolat Proteus mirabilis penghasil ESBL pada laki-laki sebanyak 33 isolat (55%), sedangkan non-ESBL sebanyak 51 isolat (54,84%). Distribusi Proteus mirabilis berdasarkan usia diperoleh paling tinggi ditemukan pada pasien usia >55 tahun. Isolat Proteus mirabilis penghasil ESBL pada usia >55 tahun sebanyak 29 isolat (48,33%), sedangkan non-ESBL sebanyak 36 isolat (38,71%). Distribusi Proteus mirabilis penghasil ESBL dan non-ESBL paling tinggi ditemukan pada ruang bedah. Isolat Proteus mirabilis penghasil ESBL pada ruang bedah sebanyak 29 isolat (48,33%), sedangkan non-ESBL sebanyak 33 isolat (35,48%). Persentase sensitivitas Proteus mirabilis penghasil ESBL paling tinggi terhadap antibiotik cefoperazone/sulbactam (98,67%), meropenem (98,33%), amikacin (96,67%) dan piperacillin/tazobactam (91,67%), sedangkan Proteus mirabilis non-ESBL sensitivitas paling tinggi terhadap antibiotik amikacin (97,85%), cefoperazone/sulbactam (96,77), piperacillin/tazobactam (91,67%), ceftazidime (90,32%), cefoxitin (84,95%) dan meropenem (80,65%).

Kata kunci: Antibiotik, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, Proteus mirabilis, luka

Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative bacterium, that belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae as normal flora in the gastrointestinal tract, and is opportunistic pathogenic. Proteus mirabilis can produce Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) which makes this bacterium resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, distribution of sex, age, inpatient room and testing antibiotic susceptibility to ESBL-producing and non-ESBL-producing Proteus mirabilis. Proteus mirabilis isolate was obtained by descriptive method : isolating, identifying and testing antibiotic susceptibility using the VITEK® 2 Compact tool. The isolated Proteus mirabilis came from a wound specimen of dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh Hospital. The number of Proteus mirabilis obtained from wound specimens during the period January 2021-March 2024 is 153 isolates. The results obtained showed that the prevalence of ESBL-producing Proteus mirabilis was lower compared to non-ESBL. A total of 60 isolates (39.22%) were positive for ESBL, while 93 non-ESBL isolates (60.78%) were isolated in wound specimens. Distribution by sex was obtained higher in males. ESBL-producing Proteus mirabilis isolates in men were 33 isolates (55%), while non-ESBL isolates were 51 (54.84%). The distribution of Proteus mirabilis by age obtained was highest in patients aged >55 years. Proteus mirabilis isolates producing ESBL at the age of >55 years were 29 isolates (48.33%), while non-ESBL were 36 isolates (38.71%). The distribution of ESBL-producing and non-ESBL-producing Proteus mirabilis the highest in surgical rooms. ESBL-producing Proteus mirabilis isolates in surgical rooms were 29 isolates (48.33%), while non-ESBL were 33 isolates (35.48%). The percentage of susceptibility of ESBL-producing Proteus mirabilis was highest to the antibiotics cefoperazone/sulbactam (98.67%), meropenem (98.33%), amikacin (96.67%) and piperacillin/tazobactam (91.67%). In comparison, the non-ESBL Proteus mirabilis susceptibility was highest to amikacin antibiotics (97.85%), cefoperazone/sulbactam (96.77%), piperacillin/tazobactam (91.67%), ceftazidime (90.32%), cefoxitin (84.95%) and meropenem (80.65%). Keywords: Antibiotics, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, Proteus mirabilis, wound