Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ulkus traumatik merupakan salah satu penyakit pada rongga mulut yang disebabkan oleh trauma. Ulkus didefinisikan sebagai hilangnya epitel yang menimbulkan rasa sakit. Kitosan merupakan polimer alami yang berpotensi dalam penyembuhan luka karena memiliki keunggulan seperti biokompatibilitas, biodegradabilitas, antibakteri, antiinflamasi sehingga banyak dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan obat. Daun kelor mengandung saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, dan terpenoid yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan antioksidan, antibateri, antiinflamasi, dan antitrombotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi nano spray kitosan dan ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera lam.) terhadap kesembuhan ulkus traumatik pada kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Pembuatan ulkus traumatik dengan memberikan trauma termal menggunakan burnisher pada mukosa bukal kelinci. Pemberian nano spray kitosan dan ekstrak daun kelor diberikan pada ulkus setiap sore selama 7 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental laboratoris yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol positif (Aloclair plus spray), kontrol negatif (akuades), perlakuan 1 (nano spray kitosan), perlakuan 2 (nano spray kitosan + ekstrak daun kelor 10%), perlakuan 3 (nano spray kitosan + ekstrak daun kelor 20%), dan perlakuan 4 (nano spray kitosan + ekstrak daun kelor 30%). Hasil analisis data menggunakan One Way Anova menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna terhadap penyembuhan ulkus traumatik secara klinis dan jumlah fibroblas, namun terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna terhadap epitelisasi. Hasil analisis Kruskal-Wallis menunjukan adanya perbedaan bermakna terhadap jumlah makrofag dan neutrofil. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi nano spray kitosan dan ekstrak daun kelor berpengaruh terhadap kesembuhan ulkus yang ditandai dengan penurunan luas ulkus, jumlah neutrofil, makrofag, dan meningkatkan fibroblas serta epitelisasi, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna.
Kata kunci: Nano spray kitosan, Moringa oleifera Lam., ulkus traumatik, neutrofil, makrofag, fibroblas, epitelisasi.

Traumatic ulcers are a disease of the oral cavity caused by trauma. An ulcer is defined as a loss of epithelium that causes pain. Chitosan is a natural polymer that has potential in wound healing because it has advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory so it is widely used as a medicinal ingredient. Moringa leaves contain saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids which function to increase antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties. This research aims to determine the effect of chitosan nano spray application and moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera lam.) on healing traumatic ulcers in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Creating traumatic ulcers by applying thermal trauma using a burnisher to the buccal mucosa of rabbits. Chitosan nano spray and Moringa leaf extract were given to the ulcer every afternoon for 7 days. This research used a laboratory experimental design which was divided into 6 groups, namely positive control group (Aloclair plus spray), negative control (distilled water), treatment 1 (chitosan nano spray), treatment 2 (chitosan nano spray + 10% Moringa leaf extract), treatment 3 (nano spray chitosan + Moringa leaf extract 20%), and treatment 4 (nano spray chitosan + Moringa leaf extract 30%). The results of data analysis using One Way Anova showed that there was no significant difference in clinical healing of traumatic ulcers and the number of fibroblasts, but there was a significant difference in epithelialization. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed a significant difference in the number of macrophages and neutrophils. So it was concluded that the application of chitosan nano spray and Moringa leaf extract had an effect on ulcer healing, which was characterized by a decrease in ulcer area, number of neutrophils and macrophages, and increased fibroblasts and epithelialization, but there were no significant differences. Key words: Nano spray chitosan, Moringa oleifera Lam., traumatic ulcers, neutrophils, macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelialization.