Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Fitoremediasi adalah strategi yang memanfaatkan kemampuan tumbuhan untuk membersihkan atau mengurangi kontaminan di lingkungan, termasuk logam berat seperti timbal (Pb). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tumbuhan fitoremediasi, menganalisis kandungan Pb dalam daun, mengevaluasi hubungan antara Pb dan kadar klorofil, serta meneliti struktur anatomi daun yang terpapar Pb, kerapatan stomata dan indeks stomata. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Juni hingga Desember 2023. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode jelajah dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis kandungan timbal menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), dan kadar klorofil dengan Spektrofotometer Uv-Vis (645 nm dan 663 nm). Hubungan antara kandungan timbal dan kadar klorofil dievaluasi menggunakan korelasi pearson. Struktur anatomi daun serta stomata menggunakan sayatan transversal dan sayatan paradermal dengan metode non-parafin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 13 jenis tumbuhan fitoremediasi di Kawasan TPA Gampong Jawa yang didominasi oleh famili Fabaceae. Kandungan timbal (Pb) daun tertinggi terdapat pada daun mangga (Mangifera indica) 0,208 ppm dan terendah pada daun glodokan tiang (Monoon longifolium) 0.004 ppm. Tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara kadar timbal (Pb) dan kandungan klorofil dalam daun. Struktur anatomi daun berbagai jenis tumbuhan menunjukkan tidak adanya perubahan yang disebabkan oleh akumulasi timbal. Kerapatan stomata tertinggi terdapat pada daun Mangifera indica (560/mm2) dan kerapatan rendah pada daun Mimusops elengi (113/mm2). Indeks stomata tertinggi terdapat pada daun Mangifera indica (33,2%) dan indeks stomata terendah pada daun Ficus benjamina (10,4%).

Kata Kunci: Klorofil, Timbal (Pb), Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA), Fitoremediasi

Phytoremediation is a strategy that utilizes the ability of plants to clean or reduce contaminants in the environment, including heavy metals such as lead (Pb). This study aims to identify phytoremediation plants, analyze Pb content in leaves, evaluate the relationship between Pb and chlorophyll content, and examine the anatomical structure of leaves exposed to Pb, as well as stomatal density and stomatal index. The research was conducted from June to December 2023. Sample collection was performed using the exploration method with purposive sampling technique. Lead content was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), and chlorophyll content was measured with a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (645 nm and 663 nm). The relationship between lead content and chlorophyll content was evaluated using Pearson correlation. The anatomical structure of leaves and stomata was examined using transverse and paradermal sections with the non-paraffin method. The results showed that there are 13 types of phytoremediation plants in the TPA Gampong Jawa area, dominated by the Fabaceae family. The highest lead (Pb) content was found in the leaves of mango (Mangifera indica) at 0.208 ppm, and the lowest was in the leaves of glodokan tiang (Monoon longifolium) at 0.004 ppm. No significant relationship was found between lead (Pb) content and chlorophyll content in the leaves. The anatomical structure of the leaves of various plant species showed no changes caused by lead accumulation. The highest stomatal density was found in the leaves of Mangifera indica (560/mm²), and the lowest was in the leaves of Mimusops elengi (113/mm²). The highest stomatal index was found in the leaves of Mangifera indica (33.2%), and the lowest was in the leaves of Ficus benjamina (10.4%). Keywords: Chlorophyll, Lead (Pb), Landfill (TPA), Phytoremediation