Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Tulang ikan tuna mengandung kolagen sebesar 18.6% dari 19.86% unsur organik protein kompleks. Pemanfaatan kandungan kolagen pada tulang ikan tuna (Thunnus albacares) dapat mengurangi terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan. PT. Yakin Pasifik Tuna merupakan perusahaan di aceh yang bergerak pada pengolahan eksportir ikan tuna, dimana pemanfaatannya selama ini masih belum berjalan dengan baik sehingga limbah dari industri tersebut langsung dibuang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan tulang ikan tuna sebagai sumber kolagen yang diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut asam dengan jenis dan konsetrasi asam yang berbeda. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis secara deskriptif. Kolagen yang diperoleh dianalisis rendemen, proksimat (kadar air, abu, lemak dan protein) dan pH. Kolagen dengan perlakuan terbaik selanjutnya dianalisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) dan morfologinya dianalisis menggunakan SEM (Scanning electron microscopy). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi asam, maka semakin banyak kolagen yang dihasilkan. Rendemen kolagen tertinggi terdapat pada pelarut HCl 1,0M dengan persentase sebesar 31,66% (kadar air 3,6%, abu 1,2%, lemak 0,2%, protein 89,5%). Semua kolagen yang dihasilkan berada pada kisaran pH 7 dengan warna putih (pelarut HCl) secara visual. Hasil analisis FTIR kolagen dari tulang tuna didapatkan puncak serapan amida A (3452 cm-1), amida B (2877 cm-1), amida I (1655 cm-1), amida II (1540 cm-1), amida III (1240 cm-1) pada pelarut CH3COOH. Morfologi kolagen yang dihasilkan berbentuk gumpalan bulat yang berserat dan memiliki serabut berwarna putih pada permukaannya. Secara keseluruhan, kolagen telah berhasil diekstraksi menggunakan pelarut HCl dan CH3COOH dengan karakteristik yang menyerupai kolagen komersil.

Tuna fish bones contain 18.6% collagen from 19.86% complex protein organic elements. Utilizing the collagen content in tuna (Thunnus albacares) bones can reduce environmental pollution. PT. Yakin Pasifik Tuna is a company in Aceh which is engaged in the processing of tuna fish exporters, where its utilization has not been going well so far the waste from the industry is immediately thrown away. This research aims to utilize tuna fish bones as a source of collagen which is extracted using acid solvents with different types and acid concentrations. The analytical method used is a descriptive analysis method. The collagen obtained was analyzed for yield, proximate (water, ash, fat and protein content) and pH. The collagen with the best treatment was then analyzed for functional groups using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) and its morphology was analyzed using SEM (Scanning electron microscopy). The results of this research show that the higher the acid concentration, the more collagen is produced. The highest collagen yield was found in 1.0M HCl solvent with a percentage of 31.66% (water content 3.6%, ash 1.2%, fat 0.2%, protein 89.5%). Meanwhile, the percentage of collagen produced using 1.0M CH3COOH solvent was 4.78% (water content 3.8%, ash 1.8%, fat 0.2%, protein 86.2%) and collagen was not formed in the citric acid solvent. All collagen produced is in the pH 7 range with a white color (HCl solvent) and a yellowish color (CH3COOH solvent) visually. The results of FTIR analysis of collagen from tuna bone showed absorption peaks of amide A (3452 cm-1), amide B (2877 cm-1), amide I (1655 cm-1), amide II (1540 cm-1), amide III (1240 cm-1) in the CH3COOH solvent, but the absorption peaks of amides II and III did not appear in the HCl solvent. The morphology of the collagen produced is in the form of round, fibrous lumps and has white fibers on its surface. Overall, collagen has been successfully extracted using HCl and CH3COOH solvents with characteristics that resemble commercial collagen.