Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Sapi Aceh adalah salah satu plasma nutfah Indonesia yang dilindungi dan sudah ditetapkan rumpunnya oleh Menteri Pertanian dengan nomor penetapannya 2907/kpts.OT.140/06/2011. Salah satu wilayah sebaran Sapi Aceh adalah Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Pada tahun 2022 populasi sapi Aceh jantan sebanyak 1.290 ekor dan populasi sapi Aceh betina sebanyak 3.585, dan total populasi sapi Aceh pada tahun 2022 di Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya sebanyak 4.875 ekor. Kurangnya pemahaman peternak di Aceh Barat Daya terhadap karakteristik reproduksi sapi betina produktif, sehingga membuat peternak tidak dapat membedakan antara sapi betina produktif dan sapi betina tidak produktif. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan cara mengedukasi peternak mengenai sapi betina produktif yang dapat dijadikan indukan sehingga kemampuan reproduksi sapi Aceh tidak berkurang. Salah satu ciri sapi betina produktif yang unggul adalah memiliki karakteristik reproduksi yang baik. Sampai sejauh ini, Kecamatan Lembah Sabil dan Babahrot Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya termasuk wilayah yang memiliki populasi sapi Aceh yang relatif banyak, namun daerah ini belum memiliki data mengenai karakteristik reproduksi sapi Aceh betina. Padahal data tersebut dapat dijadikan dasar dalam upaya meningkatkan populasi sapi Aceh di Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kajian mengenai karakteristik reproduksi sapi Aceh betina di Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Dari penelitian ini diharapkan masyarakat mengetahui karakteristik reproduksi ternak sapi betina produktif sehingga dapat dijadikan pedoman untuk perkembangan populasi sapi Aceh di Provinsi Aceh.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Lhok Gayo, Cot Seumantok, Ie Merah Kecamatan Babahrot dan di desa Kuta Paya, Ladang Tuha I, Suka Damai Kecamatan Lembah Sabil Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya, pada Januari sampai Februari 2024 dengan menggunakan metode survei. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara langsung dengan responden/peternak sapi Aceh berdasarkan kriteria penelitian. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah karakteristik reproduksi sapi Aceh betina yang meliputi umur dewasa kelamin, umur pertama kawin, lama kebuntingan, umur pertama beranak, post partum mating, dan selang beranak (calving interval) serta karakteristik responden dan sistem pemeliharaan pada sapi Aceh betina. Data dianalisis menggunakan tabulasi excel dengan statistik deskriptif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sapi Aceh betina di Kecamatan Lembah Sabil dan Kecamatan Babahrot Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya Provinsi Aceh memiliki rataan umur dewasa kelamin 18.24±1.08 bulan, umur pertama kawin 19.31±1.00 bulan, lama bunting 9.18±0.19 bulan, umur pertama beranak 28.15±10.6 bulan, post partum mating 3.02±0.35 bulan, calving interval 12.20±0.44 bulan, dari rataan karakteristik di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa analisis karakteristik reproduksi sapi Aceh betina dalam kategori baik dan normal

Aceh cattle are one of Indonesia's protected germplasm and have been designated as such by the Minister of Agriculture with the designation number 2907/kpts.OT.140/06/2011. One of the Aceh cattle distribution areas is Southwest Aceh District. In 2022, the population of male Aceh cattle is 1,290 and the population of female Aceh cattle is 3,585, and the total population of Aceh cattle in 2022 in Southwest Aceh District is 4,875. Farmers in Southwest Aceh lack understanding of the reproductive characteristics of productive female cattle, making them unable to distinguish between productive and unproductive female cattle. One of the efforts that can be done is by educating farmers about productive female cows that can be used as broodmares so that the reproductive ability of Aceh cows is not reduced. One of the characteristics of superior productive female cattle is having good reproductive characteristics. So far, Lembah Sabil and Babahrot sub- districts in Southwest Aceh District are among the areas with relatively large Aceh cattle populations, but these areas do not yet have data on the reproductive characteristics of female Aceh cattle. This data can be used as a basis for efforts to increase the Aceh cattle population in Southwest Aceh District. Therefore, it is necessary to study the reproductive characteristics of female Aceh cattle in Southwest Aceh District. From this study, it is expected that the community will know the reproductive characteristics of productive female cattle so that it can be used as a guideline for the development of the Aceh cattle population in Aceh Province. This research was conducted in the villages of Lhok Gayo, Cot Seumantok, Ie Merah, Babahrot Subdistrict and in the villages of Kuta Paya, Ladang Tuha I, Suka Damai, Lembah Sabil Subdistrict, Southwest Aceh District, from January to February 2024 using the survey method. Location selection was done by purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through direct interviews with respondents/Aceh cattle farmers based on the research criteria. Parameters observed in this study were reproductive characteristics of female Aceh cattle, including age at sexual maturity, age at first mating, length of pregnancy, age at first lambing, post partum mating, and calving interval, as well as characteristics of respondents and husbandry system of female Aceh cattle. Data were analyzed using excel tabulation with descriptive statistics. The results showed that female Aceh cows in Lembah Sabil Subdistrict and Babahrot Subdistrict, Southwest Aceh District, Aceh Province had an average age of sexual maturity of 18.24 ± 1.08 months, age of first mating 19.31 ± 1.00 months, length of gestation 9.18 ± 0.19 months, age of first lambing 28.15 ± 10.6 months, post partum mating 3.02 ± 0.35 months, calving interval 12.20 ± 0.44 months, from the average characteristics above it can be concluded that the analysis of reproductive characteristics of female Aceh cows in the good and normal category.