Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Indonesia kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati, termasuk tanaman nilam (Pogostemon cablin benth) yang merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri terbesar dan memiliki banyak manfaat bagi manusia dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Terdapat tiga jenis tanaman nilam di indonesia yaitu nilam Aceh, nilam Jawa dan nilam Sabun, jenis nilam yang banyak dibudidayakan yaitu nilam Aceh. Nilam Aceh dibagi lagi menjadi beberapa varietas termasuk varietas Lhokseumawe, Sidikalang dan Tapak Tuan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan klasifikasi tiga varietas nilam aceh diantarnya Lhokseumawe, Sidikalang dan Tapak Tuan menggunakan data Near Infrared (NIR) yang dikombinasikan dengan kemometri. Pengukuran data NIR dilakukan pada bilangan gelombang antara 10.000 hingga 4000 cm-1, spektrum terbentuk ketika bahan menyerap cahaya NIR, dimana akan menyebabkan molekul bervibrasi kemudian membentuk puncak dan lembah spektrum. Kemudian dilakukan pemodelan Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dan Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). Hasil PCA dengan total keragaman 100% mampu mengelompokkan tiga varietas nilam. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengklasifikasian berdasarkan Model PLS-DA dengan hasil score plot yang dapat mengklasifikasi tiga varietas nilam aceh, nilai loadings plot dan Explained Variance dalam katagori baik serta nilai kalibrasi data NIR dengan nilai R2 dan RMSEC masing-masing sebesar 0,780 dan 0,382. Selanjutnya untuk nilai R2 validasi dan RMSEC sebesar 0,744 dan 0,414.. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa data spektrum NIR yang dikombinasikan dengan kemometri dapat digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan tiga varietas nilam Aceh.
Kata kunci: Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin benth), Kemometri, Near Infrared (NIR), Software origin

Indonesia is rich in biodiversity, including patchouli (Pogostemon cablin benth) which is one of the largest essential oil-producing plants and has many benefits for humans in everyday life. There are three types of patchouli plants in Indonesia, namely Aceh patchouli, Javanese patchouli and soap patchouli, the type of patchouli that is widely cultivated is Aceh patchouli. Aceh patchouli is further divided into several varieties including Lhokseumawe, Sidikalang and Tapak Tuan varieties. In this study, the classification of three varieties of Aceh patchouli including Lhokseumawe, Sidikalang and Tapak Tuan was carried out using Near Infrared (NIR) data combined with chemometrics. NIR data measurements are carried out at wave numbers between 10,000 to 4000 cm-1, the spectrum is formed when the material absorbs NIR light, which will cause the molecules to vibrate then form peaks and valleys of the spectrum. Then Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) modeling were conducted. PCA results with a total diversity of 100% were able to group three varieties of patchouli. Furthermore, classification is carried out based on the PLS-DA model with the results of score plots that can classify three varieties of Aceh patchouli, the value of plot loadings and Explained Variance in good categories and the value of NIR data calibration with R2 and RMSEC values of 0.780 and 0.382, respectively. Furthermore, the validation R2 and RMSEC values are 0.744 and 0.414. The results of this study indicate that NIR spectrum data combined with chemometrics can be used to classify three varieties of Aceh patchouli. Keywords: including patchouli (Pogostemon cablin benth), chemometrics, Near Infrared (NIR), Software origin