Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik terhadap performansi morfo-agronomis, dan kualitas hasil padi lokal Sigupai ABDYA galur mutan M5. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret 2023 sampai dengan bulan September 2023 di Pusat Penelitian Padi Aceh (PPRA), Laboratorium Penelitian Tanah dan Tanaman, Laboratorium Teknologi & Industri Benih, dan Laboratorium Analisis Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu rancangan petak terbagi (rpt/split plot) dengan tiga ulangan dimana petak utama yaitu dosis pupuk organik yang terdiri dari tiga taraf meliputi 0 ton ha-1 , 5 ton ha-1 , dan 10 ton ha-1 dan anak petak yaitu galur padi yang terdiri dari lima taraf meliputi galur UM-14, UM-69, UM-8, UM-89, dan Varietas Mustajab.Terdapat 15 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 45 unit perlakuan. Parameter pengamatan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari performansi morfo-agronomis diantaranya tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah anakan produktif, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang malai, bobot gabah pertanaman, bobot gabah per plot, persentase gabah bernas, bobot 100 butir gabah, dan potensi hasil. Di samping itu, dianalisis juga kadar kualitas hasil yang terdiri dari kadar air, kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar abu, kadar karbohidrat, kadar amilosa, kadar pati, dan kadar amilopektin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pupuk organik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, umur panen pada padi lokal Sigupai ABDYA galur mutan M5. Pupuk organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah anakan produktif. Jumlah anakan terbaik dijumpai pada perlakuan 10 ton ha-1 berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan 0 ton ha-1 namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan 5 ton ha-1. Pemberian pupuk organik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang malai, bobot gabah per tanaman, bobot gabah perplot, bobot gabah 100 butir, persentase gabah bernas, persentase gabah hampa dan potensi hasil. Sifat kimiawi beras lokal dari padi lokal Sigupai galur mutan M5 pada kadar lemak berada pada kisaran 0,54-2,65 %. Kadar lemak terendah mencapai 0,54% yaitu pada galur UM-14 dan dosis pupuk organik 5 ton ha-1. Kadar protein berada pada kisaran 3,47-7,71%. Kadar protein tertinggi di temukan pada galur UM-8 dengan dosis pupuk organik 5 ton ha-1 dengan kadar protein mencapai 7,71%. Kadar karbohidrat berada pada kisaran 75,23-86,18%. terendah dijumpai pada galur UM-14 dan dosis pupuk organik 10 ton ha-1dengan kandungan karbodirat 75,23% sedangkan karbohidrat tertinggi dijumpai pada galur UM-89 dan dosis pupuk organik 0 ton ha-1 dengan kandungan karbohidrat mencapai 86,18%. Kadar amilosa berada pada kisaran 17,56-22,34%. Kadar amiosa terendah dijumpai pada galur UM-69 dengan dosis pupuk organik 0 ton ha-1 dengan kadar amilosa 17,58%. Kadar amilopektin berada pada kisaran 48,45-63,68%. Implikasi dari penelitian menyarankan untuk dilakukan pemberian bahan organik pada tanah agar mampu memperbaiki kualitas tanah sehingga mampu meningkatkan produksi tanaman padi.

This research aims to determine the effect of applying organic fertilizer on the morpho-agronomic performance and yield quality of the local Sigupai ABDYA mutant strain M5 rice. This research was carried out from March 2023 to September 2023 at the Aceh Rice Research Center (PPRA), Soil and Plant Research Laboratory, Seed Technology & Industry Laboratory, and Food and Agricultural Products Analysis Laboratory. The experimental design used in this research is a split plot design (rpt/split plot) with three replications where the main plot is the dose of organic fertilizer which consists of three levels including 0 tons ha-1, 5 tons ha-1, and 10 tons ha-1. 1 and sub plots, namely rice lines consisting of five levels including lines UM-14, UM-69, UM-8, UM-89, and the Mustajab variety. There were 15 treatment combinations with 3 replications so that 45 treatment units were obtained. The observation parameters carried out in this research consisted of morpho-agronomic performance including plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, flowering age, harvest age, panicle length, weight of planted grain, weight of grain per plot, percentage of shiny grain, weight of 100 grains of grain, and yield potential. In addition, the quality levels of the results were also analyzed, consisting of water content, fat content, protein content, ash content, carbohydrate content, amylose content, starch content and amylopectin content. The results of the research showed that organic fertilizer had no significant effect on plant height, flowering age, and harvest age in the local Sigupai ABDYA mutant rice strain M5. Organic fertilizer has a significant effect on the number of productive tillers. The best number of tillers was found in the 10 ton ha-1 treatment which was significantly different from the 0 ton ha-1 treatment but not significantly different from the 5 ton ha-1 treatment. Providing organic fertilizer had no significant effect on panicle length, grain weight per plant, grain weight per plot, weight of 100 grain grains, percentage of shiny grain, percentage of empty grain and yield potential. The chemical properties of local rice from the local Sigupai rice mutant strain M5 in terms of fat content are in the range of 0.54-2.65%. The lowest fat content reached 0.54%, namely in the UM-14 line and an organic fertilizer dose of 5 tons ha-1. Protein content is in the range of 3.47-7.71%. The highest protein content was found in the UM-8 line with an organic fertilizer dose of 5 tons ha-1 with a protein content reaching 7.71%. Carbohydrate levels are in the range of 75.23-86.18%. The lowest was found in the UM-14 line and the organic fertilizer dose was 10 tons ha-1 with a carbohydrate content of 75.23%, while the highest carbohydrate was found in the UM-89 line and the organic fertilizer dose was 0 tons ha-1 with a carbohydrate content reaching 86.18%. Amylose levels are in the range of 17.56-22.34%. The lowest amyose content was found in the UM-69 line with an organic fertilizer dose of 0 tons ha-1 with an amylose content of 17.58%. Amylopectin levels are in the range of 48.45-63.68%. The implications of the research suggest that organic matter should be applied to the soil in order to improve the quality of the soil so as to increase rice production.