Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK

Dampak negatif dari kegiatan pertambangan yaitu terjadinya perubahan
bentang alam, berdampak pada lanskap, mengubah lereng disungai, mengarah
deforestasi, membentuk daerah terdegradasi dengan gangguan pada struktur
dan komposisi tanah, dan menyebakan hilangnya habitat dan konektifitas
spesies biologi. Penggalian tanah memiliki dampak pada kehancuran
sumber daya lahan. Tanah lapisan atas menjadi rusak, begitu juga dengan
vegetasi menjadi terganggu. Aktifitas penambangan emas placer melakukan
pembuangan material lapisan penutup (top Soil). Sehingga menyebabkan
penurunan kesuburan tanah. Lokasi penelitian di gampong Leubok Beutong
dan Tanoh Mirah Kecamatan Sungai Mas Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Tujuan dari
penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian abu boiler dan
Sludge hasil pengolahan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit terhadap
peningkatan kesuburan tanah bekas kegiatan penambangan. Mengidentifikasi
karakteristik tanah lahan bekas penambangan emas di Kecamatan Sungai Mas
sebelum remediasi. Mengetahui pengaruh komposisi abu boiler dan sludge
terhadap nilai pH , P-tersedia, C-organik, N-total, dan K-tukar tanah.
Mengetahui nilai ekonomi lahan bekas penambangan setelah dilakukan
remediasi lahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah
Remediasi secara eksitu dengan teknik Komposting. Setelah 15 hari
didiamkan, sampel ditanami sawi selama 30 hari, selanjutnya dilakukan
analisa pH, P-tersedia, C-organik, N-total dan K-tukar kation di
Laboratorium Teknik Pengujian Kualitas Lingkungan dan Laboratorium
Penelitian Tanah dan Tanaman Universitas Syiah Kuala. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan remediasi terjadi peningkatan nilai pH
tanah dari 4,1-4,4 menjadi 5-5,4. Kandungan Pospor tertinggi 156,85 mg/Kg
pada perlakuan C2 lokasi Leubok Beutong dan terendah 2,1 mg/Kg pada
perlakuan B1 lokasi Tanoh Mirah. Komposisi C-organik tertinggi pada
perlakuan C1 yaitu 3,2 % lokasi Leubok Beutong. Perlakuan B3 dicapai
komposisi C-organik terendah yaitu 0,16 % lokasi Leubok Beutong.
Kandungan Nitrogen Total tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan C1 0,2 % pada
kedua lokasi dan terendah pada perlakuan B1 0,04 % lokasi Leubok Beutong.
Nilai Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK) tertinggi 20 cmol/Kg pada perlakuan
B3 Lokasi Leubok Beutong, dan terendah pada perlakuan A3 dan B1 14
cmol/Kg lokasi Tanoh Mirah. Peningkatan nilai tambah secara ekonomi dari
penanaman sawi, perlakuan C3 terjadi peningkatan pendapatan usaha sebesar
Rp. 5.193.333,- lokasi Tanoh Mirah dan terendah pada perlakuan A(Rp. –
131.111,-) lokasi Tanoh Mirah, untuk perkiraan persatuan are.

Kata kunci : Emas Placer, top soil, Abu Boiler, sludge.

ABSTRACK The negative impacts of mining activities include changes in the natural landscape, impacting the landscape, changing river slopes, leading to deforestation, forming degraded areas with disruption to soil structure and composition, and causing loss of habitat and connectivity of biological species. Soil excavation has an impact on destroying land resources. The topsoil becomes damaged, as well as vegetation becomes disturbed. Placer gold mining activities involve the disposal of overburden material (top soil). This causes a decrease in soil fertility. The location of this research is in the villages of Leubok Beutong and Tanoh Mirah, Sungai Mas Sub-districk, West Aceh district. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of applying boiler ash and sludge resulting from the processing of palm oil mill liquid waste on increasing the fertility of soil used by mining activities. Identifying the soil characteristics of former gold mining land in Sungai Mas district before remediation. To determine the effect of boiler ash and sludge composition on soil pH, available-P, organic-C, total-N and K-exchange values. Knowing the economic value of ex-mining land after land remediation is carried out. The research using method is ex-situ remediation with composting techniques. After 15 days of silence, the samples were planted with mustard greens for 30 days, then analyzed for pH, P-available, Corganic, N-total and K-exchange soil at the Environmental Quality Testing Engineering Laboratory and the Soil and Plant Research Laboratory at Syiah Kuala University. The results showed that after remediation there was an increase in the soil pH value from 4.1-4.4 to 5-5.4. The highest phosphorus content was 156.8 mg/Kg in treatment C2 at Leubok Beutong and the lowest was 2.1 mg/Kg in treatment B1 at Tanoh Mirah Village. The highest Corganic composition was in treatment C1 3.2% at Leubok Beutong. Treatment B3 achieved the lowest C-organic composition, 0.16% at Leubok Beutong. The highest total nitrogen content. obtained in treatment C was 0.2% at both location and the lowest was 0.04% in treatment B1 at Leubok Beutong. The highest Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) value was 20 cmol/Kg in treatment B3 at Leubok Beutong Village, and the lowest was 14 cmol/Kg in Treatment A3 and B1 at Tanoh Mirah. An increase in economic added value from planting mustard greens with the result that in treatment C3 there was an increase in business income of Rp. 5,193,333,- at Tanoh Mirah and the lowest in treatment A (Rp. – 131,111,-) at Tanoh Mirah, for an estimate per are. Key words: Placer gold, top soil, boiler ash, sludge.