Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Risiko perubahan iklim terhadap sistem kesehatan, termasuk fasilitas kesehatan, semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itu, Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat (Puskesmas) sebagai fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan tingkat pertama harus mampu mengurangi risiko kesehatan melalui peningkatan kapasitas agar memiliki ketahanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang, memvalidasi, dan menguji coba lapangan instrumen yang mengukur kapasitas puskesmas terhadap risiko perubahan iklim. Proses pengembangan instrumen menggunakan metode Research and Development yang meliputi: i) tinjauan pustaka, ii) perancangan instrumen penilaian, dan iii) uji validitas instrumen menggunakan Content Validity Ratio (CVR) dan Content Validity Index (CVI), serta uji coba lapangan di seluruh Puskesmas Kota Banda Aceh. Tujuh ahli dilibatkan dalam uji validitas. Studi ini mengidentifikasi empat parameter penilaian: i) penilaian risiko iklim dan kerentanan, ii) perlindungan infrastruktur dan perencanaan ketahanan, iii) perencanaan pelayanan darurat dan rujukan, dan iv) adaptasi lingkungan. Dari hasil uji validitas menunjukkan bahwa instrumen tersebut telah memperoleh tingkat validitas yang baik untuk mengukur kapasitas puskesmas terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Sedangkan hasil uji coba lapangan di seluruh puskesmas di Kota Banda Aceh menunjukkan tingkat kapasitas rendah-sedang pada variabel-variabel penilaian risiko dan perencanaan program terkait perubahan iklim. Dengan adanya hasil penelitian ini, diharapkan pemerintah dapat menerapkan standar prosedur operasi terkait perubahan iklim sehingga puskesmas dapat meningkatkan kapasitas dalam manajemen risiko bencana akibat perubahan iklim.

Kata kunci: kapasitas puskesmas, risiko bencana, perubahan iklim, instrumen penilaian.

The risks of climate change to the health system are increasing, including health facilities. Therefore, Public Health Centers (PHCs) as first level health service facilities must be able to reduce health risks through increasing capacity in order to have resilience. This research aims to design, validate and field test the instrument that measures the capacity of PHCs to the risk of climate change. The instrument development process uses the Research and Development method which includes: i) literature review, ii) designing the assessment instrument, and iii) instrument validity test using Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI), and field trials in all PHCs of Banda Aceh City. Seven experts were involved in the validity test. The study identified four assessment parameters: i) climate risk and vulnerability assessment, ii) infrastructure protection and resilience planning, iii) emergency and referral services planning, and iv) environmental adaptation. The results of the validity test show that the instrument has obtained a good level of validity for measuring the capacity of community health centers against the impacts of climate change. Meanwhile, the results of field trials in all Public Health Centers in Banda Aceh City show low-medium capacity levels in risk assessment and program planning variables related to climate change. With the results of this research, it is hoped that the government can implement standard operational procedures related to climate change so that public health centers can increase their capacity in managing disaster risks due to climate change. Keywowds: public health center capacity, disaster risk, climate change, capacity assessment, instrument.