Electronic Theses and Dissertation

ABSTRAK
Auramine merupakan zat warna sintesis yang sulit didegradasi oleh mikroorganisme, karena memiliki sifat karsinogenik. Auramine bersifat toksik yang dapat menyerang organ tubuh hewan dan manusia, pada manusia dapat memicu kanker (karsinogenik) dan pada hewan dapat memicu tumor hati dan tumor kandung kemih. Penurunan kadar zat warna auramine dalam lingkungan dapat melalui proses adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben arang aktif tongkol jagung. Tongkol jagung salah satu adsorben yang dapat digunakan karena mengandung 41% selulosa, 36% hemiselulosa, 6% lignin,dan 3-5% abu, menunjukkan mampu menjadi adsorben yang baik untuk menangani limbah cair zat warna auramine. Bahan alam yang digunakan pada penelitian ini tongkol jagung sebanyak 3 kg yang diperoleh dari petani jagung kampung Rongka dibersihkan dan dijemur dibawah sinar matahari. Selanjutnya tongkol jagung dikarbonisasi kedalam furnace pada suhu 500℃ selama 30 menit, dihaluskan hingga di peroleh arang tongkol jagung yang telah lolos ayakan 100 mesh. Kemudian diaktivasi dengan KOH 20% untuk menghasilkan arang aktif tongkol jagung. Kemudian adsorben dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM dan berdasarkan parameter uji yaitu kadar air, kadar abu dan daya serap iodine. Hasil uji SEM menunjukan bahwa arang aktif tongkol jagung memiliki luas permukaan dan struktur pori yang baik. Hasil berdasarkan parameter uji kadar air dan daya serap iodine memenuhi SNI-063730-1995. Namun hasil uji yang tidak sesuai SNI yaitu kadar abu. Adsorben arang aktif tongkol jagung diuji penyerapannya terhadap zat warna auramine dalam larutan berair dan diperoleh kondisi optimum terjadi pada pH 3, waktu kontak 45 menit, massa adsorben 0,04 g dan konsentrasi 60 mg/L. Pengujian isoterm tersebut dilakukan menggunakan isoterm Langmuir dan Freundlich, dari kedua jenis isoterm tersebut yang paling sesuai dengan proses adsorpsi zat warna auramine menggunakan adsorben arang aktif tongkol jagung adalah isoterm Langmuir dengan nilai R2 yaitu 0,9848.


Kata kunci: SEM, kadar air, kadar abu, daya serap iodine, adsorpsi.

ABSTRACT Auramine issynthetic dyes that are difficult to degrade by microorganisms, because they have carcinogenic properties. Auramine is toxic which can attack the organs of animals and humans, in humans it can trigger cancer (carcinogenic) and in animals it can trigger liver tumors and bladder tumors. Reducing the levels of auramine dyes in the environment can be through an adsorption process using corncob activated charcoal adsorbent. Corncob is one of the adsorbents that can be used because it contains 41% cellulose, 36% hemicellulose, 6% lignin and 3-5% ash.showcapable of being a good adsorbent for treating auramine dye liquid waste. The natural materials used in this research were 3 kg of corn cobs obtained from corn farmers in Rongka village, cleaned and dried in the sun. Next, the corn cobs are carbonized in a furnace at a temperature of 500℃ for 30 minutes, crushed until corn cob charcoal is obtained which has passed through a 100 mesh sieve. Then it is activated with 20% KOH to produce corncob activated charcoal. Then the adsorbent was characterized using SEM and based on test parameters, namely water content, ash content and iodine absorption capacity. SEM test results show that corncob activated charcoal has a good surface area and pore structure. Results based on test parameters for water content and iodine absorption meet SNI-063730-1995. However, the test results that do not comply with SNI are the ash content. The corncob activated charcoal adsorbent was tested for its absorption of auramine dye in an aqueous solution and it was found that optimum conditions occurred at pH 3, contact time 45 minutes, adsorbent mass 0.04 g and concentration 60 mg/L. The isotherm testing was carried out using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Of the two types of isotherms, the one that best suits the auramine dye adsorption process using corncob activated charcoal adsorbent is the Langmuir isotherm with an R2 value of 0.9848. Keywords: SEM, water content, ash content, iodine absorption, adsorption.