Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Contempt of court merupakan term dari common law untuk menunjuk perbuatan yang merendahkan, menghina atau mengganggu proses peradilan. Di Indonesia, perbuatan yang merujuk pengertian contempt of court seperti di atas banyak terjadi, namun sedikit yang diselesaikan di pengadilan. Ketiadaan aturan tegas dalam Hukum Pidana menjadi penghalangnya. Begitu juga dengan ruang lingkup contempt of court masih ada ketidaksepahaman. Praktiknya, ketiadaan aturan dan rumusan contempt of court yang tegas, menyulitkan Hakim mengimplementasikannya dalam putusan pengadilan.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan cakupan dari perbuatan contempt of court di Indonesia, menemukan model kebijakan hukum pidana yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegah dan mengatasi perbuatan contempt of court di Indonesia dan menganalisis implementasi contempt of court dalam putusan pengadilan di Indonesia.

Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif yang menempatkan hukum sebagai sistem norma. Bahan kepustakaan menjadi data sekunder yang diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Sedangkan pendekatannya menggunakan comparative dan case approach.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan cakupan contempt of court adalah semua perbuatan berupa ancaman, hambatan, gangguan, tantangan terhadap proses penyelenggaraan peradilan, mengakibatkan proses peradilan yang adil menjadi sukar diperoleh. Perbuatan tersebut dapat terjadi di semua sub sistem peradilan, dengan berbagai subyek delik mulai pengunjung sidang, saksi, terdakwa, advokat, pers sampai aparat penegak hukum. Perbuatan contempt of court di Indonesia terjadi di sidang dan di luar sidang. Bentuknya berupa criminal dan civil contempt yang terdiri dari perbuatan scandalizing, misbehaving, obstruction, disobeying the court dan sub judice rule. Kebijakan hukum pidana yang dilakukan terhadap contempt of court dengan kebijakan formulasi yaitu membuat aturan sendiri beserta penggolongan delik dan rumusan sanksinya.Model pengaturannya dengan menempatkannya dalam bab tersendiri di KUHP. Delik yang diatur, diambil dari KUHP, KUHAP, berbagai UU Pidana khusus ditambah beberapa delik baru. Implementasi contempt of court dalam putusan pengadilan tidak maksimal dilaksanakan hanya dianggap delik biasa. Pengadilan sebagai obyek delik bukan alasan pemberatan hukuman. Peristiwa dipersidangan diimplementasikan hakim sebagai catatan saja dalam putusannya, tanpa ada tindak lanjut dengan alasan ketiadaan aturan contempt of court dan lamanya proses peradilan. Sebelum disahkannya RKUHP, hakim perlu diberi kewenangan contempt of power untuk menghukum pelaku secara langsung khusus untuk direct contempt.

Contempt of court is a common law term to designate acts that degrading, insulting or disrupting the judicial process. In Indonesia, there are many acts that refer to contempt of court, but few have been resolved in court. The absence of strict rules in Criminal Law is an obstacle. Likewise with the scope of contempt of court there are still disagreements. In practice, the absence of strict rules and contempt of court formulations made it difficult for judges to implement them in court decisions. The purpose of this research is to determine the scope of contempt of court in Indonesia, to find models of criminal law policies that can be used to prevent and overcome acts of contempt of court in Indonesia and to analyze the implementation of contempt of court in court decisions in Indonesia. This research is a normative juridical study that places law as a system of norms. Library material becomes secondary data obtained from primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. While the approach uses a comparative and case approach. The results showed that the coverage of contempt of court is all actions in the form of threats, obstacles, disturbances and challenges to the ongoing judicial process, resulting in a fair trial process being difficult to obtain, which occurs inside or outside the trial. These acts can occur in all sub-judicial systems, with various subjects of offense starting from court visitors, witnesses, defendants, advocates, the press and even the Apparatus itself. In general, contempt of court in Indonesia occurs both at trial and outside of court. The form is in the form of criminal and civil contempt which consists of acts of scandalizing, misbehaving, obstruction, obeying the court and sub-judice rule. Criminal law policies that are carried out against contempt of court with formulation policies (making their own rules and classifications of actions and formulations of sanctions that are adjusted to the quality of the act) Regulatory model by placing it in a separate chapter in the Criminal Code. Regulated offenses can be taken from the Criminal Code, various special Criminal Laws plus several new offenses. The implementation of contempt of court in court decisions is not maximally implemented. Contempt of court cases are considered normal offenses. Court as an object of offense is not a ballast reason. Events in the trial are only implemented by the judge as a note in his decision, without any follow-up on the grounds that there is no contempt of court rule. Before the enactment of the Criminal Code, judges need to be given contempt of power to punish the perpetrator directly for direct contempt.