Electronic Theses and Dissertation

El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) berkaitan dengan anomali iklim di Indonesia, termasuk Provinsi Riau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan klimatologi, variabilitas curah hujan dan korelasi antara ENSO dengan anomali curah hujan bulanan Provinsi Riau berdasarkan distribusi spasial dan temporalnya. penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan data dari Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) dan data Nino Index dari National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Terdapat tiga metode yang digunakan, diantaranya metode rata-rata sederhana, Empricial Orthogonal Function (EOF) dan uji statistik menggunakan Uji-T. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Provinsi Riau memiliki pola curah hujan ekuatorial, pola curah hujan tersebut memiliki korelasi rendah terhadap index ENSO. Puncak curah hujan tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Desember (299 mm) dan puncak kedua terjadi pada bulan Maret (267 mm), sedangkan yang terendah terjadi pada bulan Februari (162 mm) dan Juli (148 mm). Analisis EOF terhadap data curah hujan CHIRPS untuk Provinsi Riau menghasilkan tiga mode. Mode EOF pada bulan Juli mampu menjelaskan 86,98% varians total, bulan September 90,52% varians total dan bulan Desember menjelaskan 87,73% varians total. Anomali curah hujan Provinsi Riau memiliki nilai korelasi yang rendah terhadap eksistensi ENSO. Korelasi tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Januari dengan koefisien korelasi R = 0,517 dan memiliki korelasi sedang, sebesar 51,7% keragaman anomali curah hujan disebabkan oleh ENSO. Sedangkan korelasi terendah terjadi pada bulan Desember dengan koefisien korelasi R = 0,101 dan memiliki korelasi sangat rendah, sebesar 10,1% keragaman anomali curah hujan disebabkan oleh ENSO.
Kata Kunci: EL-Nino Southern Oscillation, CHIRPS, Nino Index, Empricial Orthogonal Function, Uji-T

El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is related to climate anomalies in Indonesia, including Riau Province. The purpose of this study was to obtain climatology, rainfall variability and correlation between ENSO and Riau Province's monthly rainfall anomalies based on their spatial and temporal distribution. This research was conducted using data from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) and Nino Index data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). There were three methods used, including the simple average method, Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and statistical tests using the T-Test. The results of this study indicated that Riau Province had an equatorial rainfall pattern, this rainfall pattern had a low correlation with the ENSO index. The highest peak of rainfall occurred in December (299 mm) and the second peak occurred in March (267 mm), while the lowest occurred in February (162 mm) and July (148 mm). EOF analysis of CHIRPS rainfall data for Riau Province produced three modes. The EOF mode in July was able to explain 86.98% of the total variance, in September 90.52% of the total variance and in December explained 87.73% of the total variance. Rainfall anomaly in Riau Province had a low correlation value towards the existence of ENSO. The highest correlation occurred in January with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.517 and had a moderate correlation, amounting to 51.7% of the diversity of rainfall anomalies caused by ENSO. While the lowest correlation occurs in December with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.101 and had a very low correlation, amounting to 10.1% of the diversity of rainfall anomalies caused by ENSO. Keywords: El-Nino Southern Oscillation, CHIRPS, Nino Index, Empirical Orthogonal Function, T-Test