Electronic Theses and Dissertation

PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALA

Tesis, 27 Maret 2023
Dalili Adlina Ridwan

Analisis Determinan Anemia Gestasional di Indonesia

90 Halaman + 5 Tabel + 3 Gambar + 11 Lampiran

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Anemia gestasional merupakan anemia yang terjadi selama masa kehamilan, dimana jumlah sel darah merah atau konsentrasi hemoglobin pada trimester I dan trimester III kurang dari 11 g/dl, dan trimester II ≤ 10,5 g/dl. Keadaan ini berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan maternal dan fetal. Hampir 40% ibu hamil di dunia mengalami anemia, dimana di Indonesia WHO mencatat peningkatan insidensi setiap tahunnya. Pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 43.7% wanita hamil yang mengalami anemia sedangkan tahun 2013 tercatat 41%, dan terus meningkat di tahun 2019 sebesar 44,2%. Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan kejadian anemia gestasional berdasarkan usia ibu, usia kehamilan, tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, tempat tinggal, paritas, kunjungan ANC, tablet tambah darah, dan kondisi energi kronis (KEK). Metode Penelitian: Metode cross-sectional dengan total sampling sebanyak 538 ibu hamil. Analisis data menggunakan regresi logistik menggunakan SPSS 26. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan usia ibu, usia kehamilan, kunjungan ANC, dan KEK dengan anemia gestasional di Indonesia (p≤0,05). Sedangkan tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, tempat tinggal, paritas, dan TTD tidak memiliki hubungan terhadap anemia gestasional di Indonesia (p≥0,05). Kesimpulan: Usia kehamilan merupakan faktor yang paling dominan terhadap anemia gestasional. Usia kandungan lebih dari 24 minggu 3 kali lebih berisiko mengalami anemia gestasional dibandingkan dengan usia kehamilan trimester I.

Kata Kunci: Determianan anemia gestasional, Ibu hamil di Indonesia
Daftar Pustaka: 11 buku + 63 jurnal/lainnya

MAGISTER PROGRAM OF PUBLIC HEALTH MEDICINE PROGRAM, SYIAH KUALA UNIVERSITY Thesis, March 27th, 2023 Dalili Adlina Ridwan Analysis of Determinants of Anemia Gestational in Indonesia 90 Pages + 5 Tables + 3 Pictures + 11 Appendices ABSTRACT Background: Anemia gestational is a condition of red blood cell count or hemoglobin concentration lower than 11 g/dl in the first and third trimesters and lower than 10,5 g/dl in the second trimester of pregnancy. This situation has a negative impact on maternal and fetal health. WHO estimates, about 40% women worldwide are anemic. The trend of anemia gestational in Indonesia was increased over years, from 41% in 2013, 43,7% in 2018 to 44,2% in 2019. Objectives: the aim of this study was to identify the relationship between anemia gestational based on maternal age, gestational age, education level, employment status, place of residence, parity, ANC visits, iron supplementation, and chronic energy conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 538 women from total sampling technique. Logistic regression model was employed to determine the relationship between independent variables on dependent variable. Result: Factors associated with anemia gestational in Indonesia were: maternal age, gestational age, ANC visits, and KEK (p ≤ 0,05). This study also showed that education level, employment status, place of residence, parity and iron supplementation were not related to anemia gestational among pregnant women in Indonesia. Conclusion: The most dominant factor affecting anemia gestational was gestational age, that the third trimester of gestational age was 3 times more likely to be anemic (OR=2,581, 95% CI: 1,530−4.355, p−value = 0,000). Keywords: Determinants anemia gestational, pregnant women in Indonesia Bibliography: 11 books + 63 journals