Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pelaksanaan program vaksinasi Covid-19 di Aceh menunjukkan dinamika, seperti resistensi dan rendahnya angka vaccine uptake. Kondisi tersebut didukung dengan adanya berbagai persepsi masyarakat terhadap vaksinasi yang mempengaruhi keikutsertaan individu dalam program vaksinasi. Health Belief Model (HBM) menjelaskan seperangkat keyakinan kesehatan yang bersifat prediktif terhadap penerimaan vaksin pada penyakit yang berkaitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komponen Health Belief Model, untuk mengetahui komponen yang berkontribusi terhadap perilaku vaksinasi Covid-19 (vaccine uptake) masyarakat Aceh, melalui pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional. Sebanyak 310 sampel penelitian yang merupakan masyarakat Aceh berusia 20 hingga 59 tahun diperoleh melalui teknik convenience sampling. Adapun pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Health Belief Scale for Vaccination yang disusun oleh peneliti. Hasil analisis regresi logistik biner menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan HBM mampu memprediksi vaccine uptake sebesar 67,3%, sedangkan 32,7% dipengaruhi faktor lainnya. Hanya dua variabel HBM yang berkontribusi secara statistik dalam memengaruhi perilaku vaksinasi, yaitu perceived susceptibility (p = 0,000) dan self-efficacy (p = 0,001). Sementara itu, perceived severity (p = 0,148), perceived benefits (p = 0,629), perceived barriers (p = 0,197), dan cues to action (p = 0,074), tidak berkontribusi terhadap vaccine uptake. Dengan demikian, perilaku vaksinasi (vaccine uptake) pada masyarakat Aceh dipengaruhi oleh adanya persepsi kerentanan terhadap Covid-19 dan efikasi diri untuk melakukan vaksinasi.

Implementing the Covid-19 vaccination program in Aceh has encountered challenges, including resistance and low vaccine uptake. This condition is supported by the various public perceptions of vaccination that impact individual participation in the vaccination program. The Health Belief Model (HBM) outlines a set of health beliefs that predict vaccine acceptance in related diseases. This study aims to analyze the components of the health belief model that contribute to the Covid-19 vaccine uptake in the Acehnese through a quantitative correlational approach. Through the use of a convenience sampling technique, 310 samples of Acehnese between the ages of 20 to 59 were gathered. The data was collected using the Health Belief Scale for Vaccination, developed by researchers. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis showed that overall HBM predicted vaccine uptake by 67.3%, while the remaining 32.7% was influenced by other factors. Only two HBM variables contributed to influencing vaccination behavior, namely perceived susceptibility (p = 0.000) and self-efficacy (p = 0.001). Meanwhile, perceived severity (p = 0.148), perceived benefits (p = 0.629), perceived barriers (p = 0.197), and cues to action (p = 0.074) did not contribute to vaccine uptake. Thus, vaccination behavior (vaccine uptake) in the Acehnese is influenced by the perception of susceptibility to Covid-19 and self-efficacy for vaccination.