Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer) merupakan ikan bernilai ekonomis tinggi di Indonesia dan negara-negara Asia Tenggara. Namun, sistem budidaya masih mengalami kendala, antara lain kualitas pakan dan tingginya biaya produksi pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung labu kuning yang optimum pada pakan untuk pertumbuhan, pemanfaatan pakan, kelangsungan hidup dan gambaran histologi lambung dan usus ikan kakap putih. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Pakan yang di uji adalah (A) pakan tanpa tepung labu kuning (kontrol), (B) 5%, (C) 10%, (D) 15%, (E) 20% dan (F) 25%. Ikan diberi pakan sebanyak 10% dari bobot badan setiap hari, yang dibagi menjadi dua kali yaitu pukul 08.00 WIB dan 16.00 WIB selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung labu kuning berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bobot mutlak, laju pertumbuhan harian, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kelangsungan hidup, konversi pakan, efesiensi pakan, protein karkas, panjang foveola gastrica lambung dan vili usus (P0,05). Pakan dengan tepung labu kuning 5% memberikan hasil terbaik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, dengan pertambahan bobot rata-rata 0,761 g, konversi pakan 1,578, efisiensi pakan 63,455%, laju pertumbuhan harian dan spesifik masing-masing 0,012 g dan 0,738%. Kandungan protein karkas tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan kontrol dengan nilai 18,210%, tidak berbeda dengan perlakuan tepung labu kuning 5%. Adapun histologi foveola gastrica dan vili usus terpanjang didapati pada perlakuan kontrol dengan nilai 771,16µm dan 276,47µm. Oleh karena itu, disimpulkan bahwa tepung labu kuning dapat ditambahkan ke dalam pakan ikan Barramundi sebanyak 5%.

Kata Kunci : Kakap putih, pakan buatan, pemanfaatan pakan, histologi, labu kuning

Barramundi Lates calcarifer is a high economic value fish in Indonesia and Southeast Asia countries. However, the aquaculture system still experiences problems, including the quality of feed and the high cost of production. This study aims to determine the effect of adding pumpkin flour to the optimum feed for growth, feed utilization, survival, carcass quality and histology of the stomach and intestines of Barramundi. A randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications was adopted in this study. The tested diet was (A) diet without pumpkin flour (control), (B) with 5% (C) 10% (D) 15% (E) 20%, and (F) 25%. The fish fed as much as 10% body weight daily, which is divided into two times, namely 08.00 AM and 4.00 PM for 60 days. The results showed adding pumpkin flour significantly affected weight gain, daily and specific growth rate, survival, feed efficiency, conversion ratio, carcass protein, length of foveola gastrica and length of intestinal vili (P0,05). The diet with 5% pumpkin flour gave the best results over other treatments, with an average weight gain of 0.761 g, feed conversion of 1.578, feed efficiency of 63.455%, and a daily and specific growth rate of 0.012 g and 0.738%, respectively, the highest carcass protein content was found in the control treatment with a value of 18.210%, which was not different from the 5% pumpkin flour treatment. The histology of foveola gastrica and the longest intestinal villi was found in the control treatment with a value of 771,16µm and 276,47µm. Therefore, it is concluded that pumpkin flour can be added to the Barramundi diet as much as 5%. Keywords : White snapper, artificial feed, feed utilization, histology, cucurbita moshata