Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) merupakan salah satu komoditi penghasil minyak atsiri yang dibutuhkan pada berbagai sektor industri. Terdapat berbagai masalah dalam pengembangan nilam di lapangan yang salah satu diantaranya adalah penyakit budok (Synchytrium pogostemonis) yang dapat menurunkan produksi terna dan produksi minyak nilam. Upaya pengendalian dengan pemanfaatan agen hayati, yaitu rizobakteri indigenous dipilih dengan tujuan agroekosistem dan berbagai keutamaan lainnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala dan Kebun Percobaan Sektor Timur Fakultas Pertanian, Darussalam, Banda Aceh dimulai pada Januari sampai dengan Juni 2022. Rancangan Penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 10x3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu 10 jenis isolat rizobakteri dan 3 jenis varietas nilam. Peubah yang diamati meliputi masa inkubasi penyakit, aktivitas enzim peroksidase, tinggi tanaman umur 30, 60 dan 90 HSPT, diameter batang umur 30, 60, dan 90 HSPT, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, luas daun tanaman, intensitas serangan penyakit, berat brangkasan basah, dan berat brangkasan kering, intensitas serangan penyakit, berat brangkasan basah, dan berat brangkasan kering. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis isolat rizobakteri PS 6/4 merupakan perlakuan terbaik sebagai agens biokontrol terhadap patogen S. pogostemonis penyebab penyakit budok tanaman nilam. Varietas Lhokseumawe memberikan kontribusi nyata dalam ketahanan terhadap patogen S. pogostemonis penyebab penyakit budok pada tanaman nilam berdasarkan masa inkubasi, intensitas serangan penyakit, enzim peroksidase, dan jumlah daun tanaman. Interaksi terbaik terdapat pada isolat KI 8/4 dan varietas Lhokseumawe berdasarkan parameter masa inkubasi penyakit dan intensitas serangan penyakit.

Kata Kunci : Nilam, Budok, Rizobakteri, Varietas, Biokontrol

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is one of the essential oil-producing commodities that are needed in various industrial sectors. There are various problems in the development of patchouli in the field, one of which is budok disease (Synchytrium pogostemonis) which can reduce the production of vegetable and patchouli oil. Control efforts with the use of biological agents, namely indigenous rhizobacteria are selected for the purpose of agroecosystems and various other virtues. The research was carried out at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University and the Experimental Garden of the East Sector Faculty of Agriculture, Darussalam, Banda Aceh starting from January to June 2022. The research design used was a randomized block design with a factorial pattern of 10x3 with 3 test. The factors studied were 10 types of rhizobacteria isolates and 3 types of patchouli varieties. The observed variables included disease incubation period, peroxidase enzyme activity, plant height at 30, 60 and 90 HSPT, stem diameter at 30, 60, and 90 HSPT, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area of plants, intensity of disease attack, weight of wet stover , and weight of dry stover, intensity of disease attack, weight of wet stover, and weight of dry stover. The results of this study indicated that PS 6/4 rhizobacteria isolate was the best treatment as a biocontrol agent against the pathogen S. pogostemonis causing budok disease in patchouli. The Lhokseumawe variety made a significant contribution to resistance to the pathogen S. pogostemonis that causes budok disease in patchouli based on the incubation period, intensity of disease attack, peroxidase enzymes, and the number of plant leaves. The best interactions were found in isolates KI 8/4 and Lhokseumawe varieties based on the parameters of the incubation period of the disease and the intensity of the disease. Keywords: Patchouli, Budok, Rhizobacteria, Varieties, Biocontrol