Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Latar Belakang
Tukak gaster masih menjadi permasalahan pasien yang datang ke pusat pelayanan kesehatan. Prevalensi tukak peptik pada populasi umum diperkirakan sebesar 5 - 10% sedangkan insidensinya sebesar 0,1 – 0,3% per tahun. OAINS merupakan salah satu penyebab tukak gaster yang dapat menghambat pembentukan prostaglandin. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir terjadi peningkatan minat terhadap terapi alternatif dan penggunaan produk herbal terutama yang dihasilkan dari tanaman. Oleh karena itu investigasi agen aktif baru secara farmakologi melalui penapisan ekstrak tanaman yang berbeda sehingga didapatkan obat yang efektif dan aman dalam aktivitas gastroprotektifnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun Chromolaena odorata terhadap penyembuhan tukak gaster yang diinduksi aspirin pada Rattus novergicus.

Metodologi
Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Hewan coba yang digunakan adalah Rattus novergicus berat 150-200 gram yang dibagi 5 kelompok, semua kelompok mendapat induksi aspirin 400 mg/kgbb selama 3 hari, 1 kelompok kontrol positif mendapat obat standar omeprazol dan 3 kelompok perlakuan mendapat ekstrak Chromolaena odorata masing-masing dosis 50, 100, 200 mg/kgbb selama 14 hari, lalu dibedah dan diambil organ gaster lalu dinilai indeks tukak, histopatologi gaster, dan konsentrasi IL-1β jaringan. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA satu arah dengan indeks kepercayaan 95% menggunakan software Grappad® Prism 5.

Hasil
Pemeriksaan indeks tukak dan IL-1β menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kontrol negatif dengan kelompok perlakuan. Pemeriksaan histopatologi tukak gaster menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna gambaran histopatologi tukak gaster antara kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan.

Kesimpulan
Terlihat adanya perbaikan indeks tukak dan penurunan kadar marker inflamasi IL-1β pada kelompok perlakuan.

Kata Kunci :
Tukak gaster, Chromolaena odorata, IL-1β jaringan, aspirin, Rattus novergicus

Introduction Gastric ulcers are still a problem for patients who come to health care centers. The prevalence of peptic ulcer in the general population is estimated at 5-10% while the incidence is 0.1-0.3% per year. NSAIDs are one of the causes of gastric ulcers that can inhibit the formation of prostaglandins. In recent years there has been an increasing interest in alternative therapies and the use of herbal products, especially those produced from plants. Therefore, the investigation of new pharmacologically active agents through screening of different plant extracts in order to obtain drugs that are effective and safe in their gastroprotective activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving Chromolaena odorata leaf extract on the healing of aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in Rattus novergicus. Method The study used experimental research methods using a completely randomized design. The experimental animals used were Rattus novergicus weighing 150-200 grams divided into 5 groups, all groups receiving aspirin 400 mg/kg for 3 days, 1 positive control group receiving omeprazole standard drug and 3 treatment groups receiving Chromolaena odorata extract at each dose. 50, 100, 200 mg/kg body weight for 14 days, then the gastric organs were surgically removed and the ulcer index, gastric histopathology, and tissue IL-1β concentration were assessed. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test with a 95% confidence index using the Grappad® Prism 5 software. Results Examination of the ulcer index and IL-1β showed that there was a significant difference between the negative control group and the treatment group. Histopathological examination of gastric ulcer showed no significant difference in histopathological picture of gastric ulcer between the negative control group and the treatment group. Conclusion There was an improvement in the ulcer index and a decrease in the levels of the IL-1beta inflammatory marker in the treatment group. Keywords : Gastric ulcer, Chromolaena odorata, Tissue IL-1β, aspirin, Rattus novergicus