Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pepaya merupakan jenis tanaman buah-buahan yang banyak terdapat di daerah tropis. Buah pepaya banyak digemari oleh orang-orang yang ada di berbagai belahan dunia, selain karena rasanya yang manis, pepaya juga memiliki nilai gizi dan serat yang tinggi. Pengembangan pepaya memerlukan ketersediaan benih secara berkelanjutan, karena regenerasi tanaman selalu diperlukan untuk mendapatkan produksi yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sarcotesta dan kondisi simpan, serta interaksi keduanya terhadap viabilitas benih pepaya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari 11 Maret- 29 April 2022. Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dengan pola 2 x 3. Faktor pertama yaitu sarcotesta terdiri atas 2 taraf, yaitu V1 (Bersarcotesta) dan V2 (Tanpa sarcotesta). Faktor kedua yaitu kondisi simpan terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu L1 (Suhu ruang 28 °C), L2 (Suhu dingin 10 °C), dan L3 (Suhu Freezer 0 °C). Parameter yang diamati yaitu potensi tumbuh maksimum, daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, kecepatan tumbuh relatif, spontanitas tumbuh, dan waktu yang dibutuhkan 50% total relatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor tunggal sarcotesta berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap parameter potensi tumbuh maksimum dan daya berkecambah pada penyimpanan 1 dan 3 minggu, spontanitas tumbuh penyimpanan 1 dan 2 minggu, indeks vigor, kecepatan tumbuh relatif dan T50, pada ketiga umur penyimpanan. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu pada benih tanpa sarcotesta yang memiliki nilai rata-rata pertumbuhan tertinggi dibandingkan benih bersarcotesta. Faktor kondisi simpan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap semua parameter, kondisi simpan dengan suhu dingin 10 °C merupakan perlakuan terbaik dan mampu mempertahankan viabilitas benih pepaya. Terdapat interaksi sangat nyata antara pengaruh sarcotesta dan kondisi simpan terhadap viabilitas benih pepaya. Benih tanpa sarcotesta dengan kondisi simpan pada suhu 10 °C memiliki nilai daya berkecambah tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.

Kata kunci: Berkecambah, Penyimpanan, Pertumbuhan, Suhu, Vigor

Papaya is a type of fruit plant that is widely found in the tropics. Papaya fruit is much loved by people in various parts of the world, apart from its sweet taste, papaya also has high nutritional value and fiber. Papaya development requires continuous availability of seeds, because plant regeneration is always needed to get good production. This study aims to determine the effect of sarcotesta and storage conditions, as well as their interaction on the viability of papaya seeds. This research was conducted at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh. This research was conducted from March to April 2022. The design used in this study was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors with a 2 x 3 pattern. The first factor, namely Sarcotesta, consisted of 2 levels, namely V1 (With sarcotesta) and V2. (Without sarcotesta). The second factor is storage conditions consisting of 3 levels, namely L1 (room temperature 28 °C), L2 (cold temperature 10 °C), and L3 (Freezer temperature 0 °C). Parameters observed were maximum growth potential, germination capacity, vigor index, relative growth rate, spontaneous growth, and 50% total relative time required. The results showed that the single factor Sarcotesta had a very significant effect on the parameters of maximum growth potential and germination at 1 and 3 weeks of storage, spontaneous growth of 1 and 2 weeks of storage, vigor index, relative growth speed and T50, at the three storage ages. The best treatment was on seeds without sarcotesta which had the highest average growth value compared to seeds with sarcotesta. The storage condition factor had a very significant effect on all parameters, storage conditions with a cold temperature of 10 °C were the best treatment and were able to maintain the viability of papaya seeds. There was a very significant interaction between the effect of sarcotesta and storage conditions on the viability of papaya seeds. Seeds without sarcotesta with storage conditions at 10 °C had the highest germination value compared to other treatments. Keywords: Germination, Storage, Growth, Temperature, Vigor