Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kota Takengon adalah Ibu Kota Kabupaten Aceh Tengah, Provinsi Aceh yang pernah diduduki oleh kolonial Belanda. Salah satu jenis bangunan yang mendapat pengaruh pendudukan adalah Umah Rabung Lime sebagai rumah tinggal pejabat masa kolonial yang kemudian diadaptasi oleh masyarakat setelah masa pendudukan berakhir. Dewasa ini, kondisi Umah Rabung Lime banyak yang memerlukan perbaikan dan perlahan terlupakan sejarahnya karena mulai hilang dari landscape kota akibat kurangnya apresiasi masyarakat. Kondisi demikian lambat laun dapat menyebabkan hilangnya bukti sejarah bangunan arsitektur yang pernah ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik tipologi fasad Umah Rabung Lime untuk memberikan pengetahuan ilmiah tentang Umah Rabung Lime dan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi rujukan pemerintah dalam pelestarian bangunan cagar budaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif-deskriftif dengan pendekatan tipologi fasad. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Umah Rabung Lime terbagi menjadi periode kolonial dan pasca kolonial. Secara umum karakteristik tipologi fasad Umah Rabung Lime menggunakan atap segilima (rabung lime) dan atap perisai bermaterial seng, tinggi atap hampir menyerupai tinggi dinding, dinding terbuat dari material kayu, terdapat sepertiga muka bangunan berbentuk segilima yang menjorok ke depan, memiliki jumlah jendela yang banyak dengan bentuk khas arsitektur Eropa dan pada bagian kaki bermaterial semen yang memiliki elevasi lebih tinggi dari muka tanah. Namun terdapat perbedaan antara karakteristik tipologi fasad Umah Rabung Lime periode kolonial dan pasca kolonial pada pemisahan bangunan utama dan bangunan servis, tempat peletakan sepertiga muka bangunan dan atap segilima, material serta ukuran pintu dan jendela.

Kata Kunci : Karakteristik tipologi fasad, arsitektur kolonial Belanda, Takengon

Takengon City is the capital of Central Aceh Regency, Aceh Province which was once occupied by the Dutch colonials. One type of building that was affected by the occupation was Umah Rabung Lime as a residence for colonial officials which was later adapted by the community after the occupation ended. Today, the condition of Umah Rabung Lime needs repair and its history is slowly being forgotten because it is starting to disappear from the city landscape due to a lack of public appreciation. Such conditions can gradually lead to the loss of historical evidence of architectural buildings that have ever existed. This study aims to identify the typological characteristics of the facade of Umah Rabung Lime to provide scientific knowledge about Umah Rabung Lime and the results of this study are expected to be a reference for the government in preserving cultural heritage buildings. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive with a facade typology approach. The results showed that Umah Rabung Lime was divided into colonial and post-colonial periods. In general, the typological characteristics of the facade of Umah Rabung Lime use a pentagonal roof (rabung lime) and a shield roof made of zinc, the height of the roof is almost like the height of the wall, and the walls are made of wood, there is a third of the face of the building in the form of a pentagon that protrudes forward, has a large number of windows. with a distinctive shape of European architecture and on the legs made of cement which has an elevation higher than the ground. However, there are differences between the typological characteristics of the facade of Umah Rabung Lime in the colonial and post-colonial periods in the separation of the main building and the service building, the placement of one-third of the facade and the pentagon roof, the material, and size of the doors and windows. Keywords: Typological characteristics of the facade, Dutch colonial architecture, Takengon