Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Gelombang dan genangan tsunami mengakibatkan terangkutnya lumpur dasar laut ke daratan dan bercampur dengan limbah rumah tangga, logam berat, dan senyawa beracun lainnya sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya endapan pada wilayah pesisir yang digenanginya. Endapan tersebut mengendapkan lumpur berkadar garam tinggi terinfiltrasi ke dalam tanah dan berpotensi untuk meningkatkan kadar salinitas tanah. Tingginya kadar salinitas endapan tsunami yang terperangkap di wilayah hunian yang dibangun kembali diperkirakan juga akan memberikan dampak buruk pada kualitas bangunan, yaitu dengan terjadinya efek rising damp dan salt attack. Lokasi penelitian di wilayah pesisir Kota Banda Aceh yang terlanda tsunami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh endapan tsunami terhadap kadar salinitas tanah pada lahan hunian di wilayah pesisir dan pengaruh tingkat salinitas tanah terhadap ketinggian rising damp dan salt attack pada rumah tembokan. Data yang didapatkan adalah nilai salinitas tanah, ketinggian rising damp dan salt attack dan wawancara perlakuan teknis endapan tsunami. Data-data tersebut kemudian diolah menggunakan metode analisis spasial menggunakan software ArcGIS dan analisa korelasi menggunakan softwere SPSS antara tinggi genangan tsunami 2004 dengan kadar salinitas tanah, kadar salinitas tanah dengan tinggi rising damp dan kadar salinitas tanah dengan tinggi salt attack. Hasil analisis korelasi dan analisis regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara kadar salinitas tanah dengan rising damp berkorelasi sedang dengan tingkat pengaruhnya sebesar 23,87% dan kadar salinitas tanah dengan salt attack berkorelasi sedang dengan tingkat pengaruhnya sebesar 25,82%.

Kata kunci: Tsunami, Gelombang, Genangan, Salinitas Tanah, Rising Damp, Salt Attack, ArcGIS, SPSS

Tsunamis and floods carried seabed mud to the mainland, where it mixed with household waste, heavy metals and other toxic compounds, forming sediments in flooded coastal areas. These deposits infiltrate the soil and settle saltwater mud that can increase the salt content of the soil. The high salt content of the tsunami debris trapped in the reconstructed residential area is also expected to adversely affect the quality of the building, that is, the effects of rising moisture and salt attacks. The research site is located in the coastal area of Banda Aceh, which was affected by the tsunami. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of tsunami deposits on saline soil in coastal residential areas and the effects of saline soil on elevated water levels and salt attacks in walled houses. The data obtained is the value of soil salinity, the height of the rising damp and salt attack and interviews about the technical treatment of tsunami deposits. The data became then processed the use of a spatial evaluation technique the use of ArcGIS software program and correlation evaluation the use of SPSS software program among the 2004 tsunami inundation peak and soil salinity degrees, soil salinity degrees with excessive growing damp and soil salinity degrees with excessive salt assault. The outcomes of correlation evaluation and easy linear regression evaluation confirmed that the connection among soil salinity degrees and growing damp became reasonably correlated with a power degree of 23.87% and soil salinity degrees with salt assault had been reasonably correlated with a power degree of 25.82%. Keywords: Tsunami, Wave, Inundation, Soil Salinity, Rising Damp, Salt Attack, ArcGIS, SPSS