Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Sampah laut yang berasal dari aktivitas antropogenik dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan sehingga menganggu ekosistem perairan seperti penurunan kualitas perairan, kerusakan ekosistem, menghambat pertumbuhan ikan serta kerugian ekonomi bagi nelayan dan masyarakat dalam mata pencaharian di wilayah pesisir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengindentifikasi jenis dan kelimpahan sampah laut pada pukat pantai (beach seine). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2021 hingga Januari 2022 di Pantai Kuala Gampong Jawa, Kota Banda Aceh. Metode penelitian ini meliputi pengambilan data sampel pada alat tangkap pukat pantai (beach seine), mengindentifikasi sampah laut menggunakan UNEP/IOC Guidelines on Survey and Monitoring of Marine Littersampel berdasarkan jenis dan menghitung kelimpahan sampah laut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampah laut yang terindentifikasi pada pukat pantai terdapat 8 kategori yaitu plastik, busa plastik, kain, logam, karet, kertas dan kardus, karet, serta kategori bahan lainnya. Sampah laut jenis plastik diperoleh jumlah total 506 unit dengan nilai kelimpahan 0,052 unit/m2, kayu olahan dengan total sampah sebanyak 132 unit dengan nilai kelimpahan 0,014 unit/m2, dan kategori bahan lainnya sebanyak 19 unit dengan nilai kelimpahan 0,002 unit/m2. Spesifikasi sampah laut yang terjerat pada pukat pantai terdapat 26 kode bahan dari 77 kode bahan dengan spesifikasi sampah laut yang tertinggi yaitu PL07 (kantong plastik) sebanyak 221 unit dengan nilai kelimpahan 0,023 unit/m2, selanjutnya PL24 (bahan plastik lainnya) sebanyak 187 unit dengan nilai kelimpahan 0,019 unit/m2, dan WD06 (kayu jenis lainnya) sebanyak 132 unit dengan nilai kelimpahan 0,014 unit/m2. Hasil analisis nilai rata-rata laju tangkap tertinggi terdapat pada jenis sampah plastik yaitu dengan nilai catch 28,111 unit/trip, kayu olahan dengan nilai catch 7,333 unit/trip, dan kategori bahan lainnya dengan nilai catch 1,056 unit/trip.

Kata Kunci : Sampah laut, pukat pantai, plastik.

Marine debris derived from anthropogenic activities can cause environmental pollution which disrupt aquatic ecosystems such as decreasing water quality, damaging to ecosystems, inhibiting fish growth, and affecting the capita of fishermen and communities livelihoods in coastal areas. The purpose of this study was to identify the type and abundance of marine debris on beach seine. This study had been carried out from December 2021 to January 2022 at Kuala beach Gampong Jawa, Banda Aceh City. This research method included taking sample data on beach seine fishing gear, identifying marine debris using UNEP/IOC Guidelines on Survey and Monitoring of Marine Littersampel by type and calculating the abundance of marine debris. The results showed that marine debris identified on beach seine there are 8 categories, namely plastic, plastic foam, cloth, metal, rubber, paper and cardboard, rubber, and other categories of materials. Plastic marine debris obtained a total 506 units with an abundance value of 0.052 units/m2, and processed wood with a total waste of 132 units with an abundance value of 0.014 units/m2, and other material categories as many as 19 units with an abundance value of 0.002 units/m2. The specifications of marine waste entangled in beach seine there are 26 material codes from 77 material codes with the highest specifications of marine waste, namely PL07 (plastic bags) as many as 221 units with an abundance value of 0.023 units/m2, then PL24 (other plastic materials) as many as 187 units with an abundance value of 0.019 units/m2, and WD06 (other types of wood) as many as 132 units with an abundance value of 0.014 units/m2. The results of the highest average catch rate analysis were found in the type of plastic waste, namely with a catch value of 28.111 units/trip, processed wood with a catch value of 7.333 units/trip, and other material categories with a catch value of 1.056 units/trip. Keywords: Marine debris, beach seine, plastic.