Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Pt. perkebunan nusantara-1 unit pks cot girek memiliki standar kualitas dalam pencapaian utilisasi produksi crude palm oil (cpo). standar mutu cpo yang menjadi parameter kualitas adalah kadar asam lemak bebas, kadar air dan kadar kotoran. standar mutu maksimal yang ditetapkan perusahaan adalah kadar asam lemak bebas 2,5-3,5 %, kadar air 0,15%, dan kadar kotoran 0,02% (ptpn-1 unit pks cot girek). namun pada kenyataannya, dalam proses pengolahan masih ditemukan permasalahan yaitu mutu cpo yang dihasilkan tidak sesuai dengan standar cpo yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan. berdasarkan dari hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan diperoleh bahwa masih banyak data kadar kualitas cpo yang berada diluar batas standar yang telah ditetapkan bahkan melebihi dari batas atas standar yang telah di tetapkan seperti kadar alb yang rata-rata pertahun masih berada diangka yang melebihi standar mutu ketetapan pihak pt. perkebunan nusantara-1 unit pks cot girek seperti pada tahun 2019 rata-rata kadar alb 3,59%, kadar air 0,26% dan pada tahun 2020 rata-rata kadar alb 3,65%, kadar air 0,27%. sementara kadar kotoran cpo masih berada dalam batas kontrol pihak perusahaan dan hanya ada beberada data yang berada diluar batas dan antara batas atas ketetapan pihak perusahaan. berdasarkan permasalahan di atas maka perlu melakukan rekayasa kualitas dengan integrasi six sigma dan fmea untuk melakukan perbaikan terhadap permasalahan yang di hadapi perusahaan. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan pengendalian kualitas dengan metode six sigma dan fmea untuk upaya perbaikan mutu cpo. adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan dari gambar diagram peta kendali diketahui bahwa kadar cpo masih belum sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. sementara rata-rata kadar cpo yang belum sesuai dengan standar adalah kadar asam lemak bebas dan disusul tingkat kadar air dan kotoran. adapun faktor-faktor terjadinya penurunan kadar kualitas cpo adalah faktor bahan baku, manusia, operator kerja, mesin dan metode kerja. sementara yang menjadi faktor utama penyebab terjadinya penurunan kadar kualitas cpo adalah faktor bahan baku (tbs) mengandung alb dan kadar air yang tinggi. selain itu mesin pada stasiun continuous clarifier, pure oil tank, oil purefier dan vacuum dryer tidak bekerja secara maksimal sehingga tidak bisa memisahkan air, kotoran dengan cpo secara maksimal. sementara upaya perbaikan yang harus dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan secara maksimal pengawasan dan pengendalian pada stasiun penerimaan tbs dengan maksimal dan mengontrol mesin pada stasiun pemurnian secara teratur.

Cot Girek Business Unit of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara-1 has quality standards in the utilization of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production. CPO quality standards that have become the quality parameters are free fatty acid content, water content and dirt content. The maximum quality standards set by the company are free fatty acid content of 2.5-3.5%, water content of 0.15% and dirt content of 0.02% (Cot Girek Business Unit of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara-1). But in fact, in the processing stage there were still problems found, such as the quality of the CPO produced is not in accordance with the CPO standards set by the company. Based on the observations made, it was found that there were still many data on CPO quality standards that were not in accordance with the standard limits that have been set and even exceeded the maximum limits of the standards that have been set, such as the average free fatty acid content per year. For example, in 2019 it was found that the average free fatty acid content was 3.59%, and the water content was 0.26%. In addition, in 2020 the average free fatty acid content was 3.65% and the water content was 0.27%. However, dirt content of the CPO was still within the control limits of the company. Even though there were a few data that exceeded the limits, they were still accepted based on the company's determination. Based on the problems presented above, it was necessary to carry out the quality engineering with the integration of Six Sigma and FMEA methods to solve the problems faced by the company. This study aimed to implement the quality control with Six Sigma and FMEA integrated methods in order to improve the quality of the CPO. The results of this study, according to the control charts, indicated that the CPO quality was still not in accordance with the standards that have been set by the company. The average level of CPO contents that was not in accordance with the standard was the free fatty acid, followed by the water and the dirt. The factors that caused the decreased quality of the CPO were the raw materials, human resources, work operators, machines, and work methods. Meanwhile, the main factor causing the decline in the CPO quality was the raw materials which were high in free fatty acids and water. In addition, the machines at the continuous clarifier station, the pure oil tank, the oil purefier and vacuum dryer did not work optimally in separating water and dirt from the CPO. Hence, the efforts that must be made are applying maximum supervision and control at the station accepting the fresh fruit bunches and controlling the machines at the purification station regularly.