Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Meningkatnya arus penanaman modal asing (foreign direct investment/fdi) berpotensi menimbulkan sengketa antara investor asing dan negara penerima investasi. salah satu mekanisme penyelesaiannya adalah investor-state dispute settlement (isds), yang dilaksanakan melalui forum arbitrase internasional, salah satunya international centre for settlement of investment disputes (icsid) berdasarkan konvensi icsid 1965.yurisdiksi icsid diatur dalam pasal 25 ayat (1) konvensi icsid yang timbul langsung dari investasi, antara negara pihak dan warga negara dari negara pihak lainnya, berdasarkan persetujuan tertulis para pihak. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum mengenai mekanisme isds berdasarkan konvensi icsid 1965 serta penerapannya dalam sistem hukum indonesia. selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesiapan pemerintah aceh dalam menghadapi potensi sengketa penanaman modal asing melalui isds. metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. data diperoleh melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan melalui wawancara dengan dinas penanaman modaldan pelayanan terpadu satu pintu (dpmptsp) aceh, akademisi fakultas hukum universitas syiah kuala, dan pengacara pemerintah daerah aceh. data kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme isds telah diakomodasi dalam sistem hukum indonesia melalui undang-undang nomor 5 tahun 1968, undang-undang nomor 25 tahun 2007, dan undang-undang nomor 30 tahun 1999. pemerintah aceh pada dasarnya telah memiliki kesiapan awal dari aspek kelembagaan, prosedural, dan koordinatif dalam menghadapi potensi sengketa investasi asing, namun kesiapan tersebut belum optimal dalam konteks sengketa investasi internasional. dalam penerapannya, isds menempatkan pemerintah pusat sebagai pihak yang mewakili negara dalam penyelesaian sengketa investasi internasional, sementara pemerintah daerah berperan mendukung melalui koordinasi, penyediaan data, dan pelaksanaan kewenangan di bidang penanaman modal. disarankan kepada pemerintah indonesia dapat memperkuat harmonisasi regulasi penanaman modal asing. sedangkan pemerintah aceh perlu mengoptimalkan koordinasi, meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan investasi, serta memperkuat kapasitas sumber daya manusia agar dapat meminimalisir potensi terjadinya sengketa penanaman modal asing, khususnya yang berimplikasi pada mekanisme isds.

The increasing flow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has the potential to give rise to disputes between foreign investors and host states. One of the primary mechanisms for resolving such disputes is the Investor–State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) system, which is administered through international arbitration forums, including the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) pursuant to the 1965 ICSID Convention. The jurisdiction of ICSID is governed by Article 25(1) of the ICSID Convention, which applies to legal disputes arising directly out of an investment between a Contracting State and a national of another Contracting State, provided that both parties have given their written consent to submit the dispute to ICSID. This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the ISDS mechanism under the 1965 ICSID Convention and its implementation within the Indonesian legal system. In addition, this study seeks to examine the preparedness of the Aceh Provincial Government in addressing the potential for foreign investment disputes through the ISDS mechanism. This research employs an empirical juridical legal research method using a qualitative approach. The data were collected through library research and field research, including interviews with representatives of the Aceh Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Agency (DPMPTSP Aceh), academics from the Faculty of Law at Syiah Kuala University, and legal counsel representing the Aceh Provincial Government. The collected data were subsequently analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method. The findings indicate that the ISDS mechanism has been incorporated into the Indonesian legal system through Law Number 5 of 1968, Law Number 25 of 2007 on Investment, and Law Number 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. The Aceh Provincial Government has established an initial level of institutional, procedural, and inter-agency preparedness to address potential foreign investment disputes. However, such preparedness remains insufficient in the context of international investment disputes. In practice, the ISDS mechanism designates the Central Government as the entity representing the State in international investment dispute proceedings, while regional governments play a supporting role by facilitating coordination, providing relevant data and information, and exercising their statutory authority in the field of investment. This study recommends that the Government of Indonesia strengthen the harmonization of regulations governing foreign investment to enhance legal certainty and investor confidence. Furthermore, the Aceh Provincial Government should optimize inter-agency coordination, improve the quality of investment services, and strengthen the capacity of its human resources in order to minimize the risk of foreign investment disputes, particularly those that may result in proceedings under the ISDS mechanism.