Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan unggulan yang memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat, khususnya di kabupaten aceh tamiang. produktivitas kelapa sawit rakyat dipengaruhi oleh penerapan good agricultural practices (gap), yaitu pedoman budidaya yang baik untuk menghasilkan produksi yang tinggi, berkualitas, berkelanjutan, dan ramah lingkungan. namun demikian, penerapan gap oleh petani kelapa sawit rakyat masih belum optimal karena dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti karakteristik petani, kondisi perkebunan, kelompo tani, serta dukungan dari berbagai lembaga pertanian. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat penerapan good agricultural practices (gap) pada perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penerapan gap di kabupaten aceh tamiang. penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kabupaten aceh tamiang, provinsi aceh, pada bulan september sampai oktober 2025. penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. lokasi penelitian dipilih secara purposive pada tiga kecamatan, yaitu kecamatan bandar pusaka, kecamatan tenggulun, dan kecamatan rantau. jumlah responden sebanyak 100 petani kelapa sawit rakyat yang ditentukan menggunakan rumus slovin. data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur serta dokumentasi. analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif untuk mengetahui tingkat penerapan gap dan analisis regresi logistik ordinal dengan bantuan program spss versi 16.0 untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penerapan gap. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penerapan good agricultural practices (gap) pada petani kelapa sawit rakyat di kabupaten aceh tamiang secara umum berada pada kategori sedang. aspek pemeliharaan tanaman, pemupukan, dan panen telah diterapkan oleh sebagian besar petani, namun masih terdapat beberapa komponen gap yang belum dilaksanakan secara optimal sesuai standar budidaya yang dianjurkan. hasil analisis regresi logistik ordinal menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan, luas lahan, kelompok tani, dan dukungan lembaga berpengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat penerapan good agricultural practices (gap), sedangkan umur petani dan pengalaman tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap penerapan gap. dukungan kelembagaan, baik dari pemerintah, perusahaan, maupun perguruan tinggi, berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kemampuan petani dalam mengadopsi praktik budidaya yang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip gap. penerapan good agricultural practices (gap) yang lebih baik diharapkan mampu meningkatkan produktivitas, kualitas hasil panen, efisiensi perkebunan, serta keberlanjutan perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat di kabupaten aceh tamiang. oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan kegiatan penyuluhan, pendampingan, penguatan kelompok tani, serta dukungan berbagai lembaga terkait agar penerapan gap dapat dilakukan secara lebih optimal oleh petani kelapa sawit rakyat. hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi pemerintah, penyuluh pertanian, dan pihak terkait dalam menyusun kebijakan maupun program peningkatan kapasitas petani, serta menjadi referensi bagi penelitian selanjutnya mengenai penerapan good agricultural practices pada perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat.

Oil palm is one of the leading plantation commodities that plays an important role in improving the community's economy, especially in Aceh Tamiang Regency. The productivity of smallholder oil palm is influenced by the implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), namely good cultivation guidelines to produce high, quality, sustainable, and environmentally friendly production. However, the implementation of GAP by smallholder oil palm farmers is still not optimal because it is influenced by various factors, such as farmer characteristics, plantation conditions, farmer groups, and support from various agricultural institutions. This study aims to determine the level of implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in smallholder oil palm plantations and analyze the factors that influence the implementation of GAP in Aceh Tamiang Regency. This study was conducted in Aceh Tamiang Regency, Aceh Province, from September to October 2025. The study used a survey method with a quantitative approach. The research locations were selected purposively in three sub-districts, namely Bandar Pusaka District, Tenggulun District, and Rantau District. The number of respondents was 100 smallholder oil palm farmers determined using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistical analysis to determine the level of GAP implementation and ordinal logistic regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 16.0 to analyze the factors that influence GAP implementation. The results of the study indicate that the level of implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) among smallholder oil palm farmers in Aceh Tamiang Regency is generally in the moderate category. Aspects of plant maintenance, fertilization, and harvesting have been implemented by the majority of farmers, but there are still several GAP components that have not been implemented optimally according to recommended cultivation standards. The results of ordinal logistic regression analysis indicate that education level, land area, farmer groups, and institutional support significantly influence the level of implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP), while farmer age and experience do not significantly influence GAP implementation. Institutional support, whether from the government, companies, or universities, plays an important role in improving farmers' ability to adopt cultivation practices in accordance with GAP principles. Better implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) is expected to increase productivity, harvest quality, plantation efficiency, and the sustainability of smallholder oil palm plantations in Aceh Tamiang Regency. Therefore, increased outreach activities, mentoring, strengthening of farmer groups, and support from various relevant institutions are needed to optimize the implementation of GAP by smallholder oil palm farmers. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the government, agricultural extension workers, and related parties in formulating policies and programs to improve farmer capacity, as well as serve as a reference for further research on the application of Good Agricultural Practices in smallholder oil palm plantations.