Electronic Theses and Dissertation

Salah satu kegiatan perikanan tangkap yang masih banyak dilakukan adalah penggunaan alat tangkap tradisional hingga modern, seperti panah ikan (speargun), yang dikenal memiliki tingkat selektivitas tinggi terhadap target tangkapan. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi hasil tangkapan serta mengevaluasi efisiensi penggunaan alat tangkap panah ikan (speargun) oleh nelayan di ujong kareung, kota sabang. penelitian dilaksanakan pada oktober 2025 menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik purposive sampling terhadap 14 nelayan pengguna speargun. data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara mengenai jenis, jumlah hasil tangkapan, biaya operasional, dan pendapatan nelayan, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan analisis komposisi hasil tangkapan serta analisis pendapatan. hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama 18 kali trip penangkapan diperoleh total hasil tangkapan sebesar 1.046,2 kg yang terdiri atas tujuh spesies ikan target, yaitu ikan kakatua (scarus quoyi) (18%), ikan kerapu merah (cephalopholis miniata) (16%), ikan ekor kuning (caesio xanthonota) (14%), ikan mata belo (myripristis hexagona) (14%), sotong (sepia latimanus) (14%), ikan kuwe (caranx ignobilis) (13%), dan ikan jenggot (parupeneus macronemus) (12%). total penerimaan nelayan mencapai rp41.581.500 dengan biaya operasional sebesar rp6.900.000 sehingga menghasilkan pendapatan bersih sebesar rp34.681.500. dominasi hasil tangkapan ikan karang bernilai ekonomis tinggi menunjukkan bahwa speargun memiliki tingkat selektivitas yang tinggi terhadap ikan target, meminimalkan tangkapan sampingan (bycatch), serta memberikan keuntungan ekonomi yang signifikan bagi nelayan. dengan demikian, alat tangkap panah ikan dinilai efisien secara teknis dan ekonomis sehingga berpotensi mendukung pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan karang yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan di perairan ujong kareung, kota sabang.

One of the fishing activities that is still widely practiced is the use of traditional to modern fishing gear, such as spearguns, which are known for their high selectivity toward target species. This study aimed to analyze the catch composition and evaluate the efficiency of speargun fishing gear used by fishermen in Ujong Kareung, Sabang City. The research was conducted in October 2025 using a survey method with purposive sampling involving 14 speargun fishermen. Primary data were collected through field observations and structured interviews covering catch species, catch quantity, operational costs, and fishermen's income. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods, including catch composition and income analyses. The results showed that a total catch of 1,046.2 kg was obtained from 18 fishing trips, consisting of seven dominant target species: Scarus quoyi (18%), Cephalopholis miniata (16%), Caesio xanthonota (14%), Myripristis hexagona (14%), Sepia latimanus (14%), Caranx ignobilis (13%), and Parupeneus macronemus (12%). The total gross revenue reached IDR 41,581,500, while the total operational cost was IDR 6,900,000, resulting in a net income of IDR 34,681,500. The predominance of high-value coral reef fish in the catch indicates that the speargun is a highly selective fishing gear capable of targeting economically valuable species while minimizing bycatch. Furthermore, the substantial net income demonstrates that the gear is economically profitable for local fishermen. Therefore, the use of speargun fishing gear can be considered both technically and economically efficient and has the potential to support effective and sustainable utilization of coral reef fish resources in the waters of Ujong Kareung, Sabang City.